北黄海微表层细菌丰度与可培养细菌群落结构分析

樊景凤; 明红霞; 王小慧; 李洪波; 石峰; 穆贵强; 赵顺

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.10.012

北黄海微表层细菌丰度与可培养细菌群落结构分析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.10.012

1.
国家海洋环境监测中心, 辽宁大连 116023;国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室, 辽宁大连 116023
2.
国家海洋环境监测中心, 辽宁大连 116023;国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室, 辽宁大连 116023;南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300071

基金项目: 海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105021,201305030,201405007);"全球变化与海气相互作用"专项(GASI-03-01-02-05)。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-03-23

Analysis on the bacterial abundance and community structure of culturable bacteria in the surface microlayer of the northern Yellow Sea

1.
National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, China
2.
National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071

摘要

摘要: 为分析海洋微表层这一特殊生境中的细菌类群,于2010—2011年4个航次对北黄海微表层和次表层海水中的总菌丰度、可培养细菌丰度和群落结构进行了分析。采用流式细胞仪测定总菌丰度,平板计数法测定可培养细菌丰度,PCR-16S rDNA分析可培养细菌的群落结构。结果表明,调查海域微表层海水总菌均值为1.76×10⁶ cell/mL,次表层海水总菌均值为1.07×10⁶ cell/mL。可培养细菌丰度范围是1.00×10²~1.70×10⁶ CFU/mL,微表层和次表层可培养细菌所占总菌数量的百分比分别为13.05%和0.45%。微表层对总菌的富集因子(EF)均值为2.02,可培养细菌的EF均值为74.16。PCR-16S rDNA序列分析结果表明,该海域可培养细菌分属变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(94.34%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(1.89%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(1.89%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(1.89%)4个类群。本研究初步发现,微表层对细菌具有较强的聚集作用,尤其对可培养细菌聚集作用更为明显。微表层中可培养细菌的群落结构与次表层有所不同,其种类丰富,来源和功能多样。由此可见,微表层独特的生境成就了其独特的微生物类群,其生态功能有待于进一步研究。
- 微表层 /
- 次表层 /
- 总菌 /
- 可培养细菌 /
- 群落结构
Abstract: In order to learn the bacterial taxa in unique microhabitat of the surface microalyer,the total numbers of bacteria,culturable bacteria and its community structure were investigated from the surface microlayer and subsurface layer of the northern Yellow Sea. Seawater samples were collected from four sampling times,2010-2011. The total number of bacteria was determined by flow cytometry. The number of culturable bacteria was determined by the plate count method. PCR-16S rDNA and sequencing analysis were used to analyze the features of community structure. The results showed that the average numbers of total bacteria are 1.76×10⁶ CFU/mL in the surface microlayer and 1.07×10⁶ cell/mL in subsurface layer,respectively. The number of culturable bacteria ranged from 1.00×10² CFU/mL to 1.70×10⁶ CFU/mL. The percentage that culturable bacteria occupies in total bacteria were 13.05% and 0.45% in the surface microlayer and subsurface layer,respectively. The enrich factor (EF) of total and cultural bacteria were 2.02 and 74.16 in the surface microlayer. The results showed that the culturable bacteria in this region was attached to four phylogenetic communities: Proteobacteria (94.34%)、Firmicutes (1.89%)、Bacteroidetes (1.89%) and Actinobacteria (1.89%). This research preliminary presented that the surface microlayer in seawater has an high enrichment effect on bacteria,especially for culturable bacteria. The bacterial communities in the surface microlayer and subsurface layer was different,which reflected in wide range of species,diversity of source and function. Therefore,the unique bacterial communities of the surface microlayer is generated towing to its special microhabitat. The ecological function of microorganisms in surface microlayer need to be further understood in the future.
- surface microlayer /
- subsurface layer /
- total bacteria /
- culturable bacteria /
- community structure

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