西沙大气二氧化碳浓度变化特征研究

吕洪刚; 王海燕; 姜亦飞; 陈海南; 乔然; 王彰贵

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.06.003

西沙大气二氧化碳浓度变化特征研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.06.003

1.
国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京 100081;国家海洋环境预报中心海洋灾害预报技术研究国家海洋局重点实验室, 北京 100081
2.
国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京 100081
3.
国家海洋局三沙海洋环境监测中心站, 海南海口 570311

基金项目: 青年科学基金项目(41406036);十二五国家科技支撑项目(2012BAC19B08);海洋公益专项(20120518-2)。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1246
- HTML全文浏览量: 16
- PDF下载量: 1254
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-12-10

Study on the concentration variation of CO₂ in the background area of Xisha

1.
National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, China;Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100081, China
2.
National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, China
3.
Sansha Ocean Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Haikou 570311, China

摘要

摘要: CO₂是引起全球气候变暖的最重要温室气体。大气中过量CO₂被海水吸收后将改变海水中碳酸盐体系的组成,造成海水酸化,危害海洋生态环境。本文采用局部近似回归法对2013年12月—2014年11月期间西沙海洋大气CO₂浓度连续监测数据进行筛分,得到西沙大气CO₂区域本底浓度。结果表明,西沙大气CO₂区域浓度具有明显的日变化和季节变化特征。4个季节西沙大气CO₂区域本底浓度日变化均表现为白天低、夜晚高,最高值405.39×10^-6 (体积比),最低值399.12×10^-6(体积比)。西沙大气CO₂区域本底浓度季节变化特征表现为春季和冬季高,夏季和秋季低。CO₂月平均浓度最高值出现在2013年12月,为406.22×10^-6 (体积比),最低值出现在2014年9月,为398.68×10^-6 (体积比)。西沙大气CO₂区域本底浓度日变化主要受本区域日照和温度控制。季节变化主要控制因素是南海季风和大气环流,南海尤其是北部海域初级生产力变化和海洋对大气CO₂的源/汇调节作用。
- 西沙 /
- 南海 /
- 大气CO₂ /
- 本底浓度
Abstract: CO₂ is the most important greenhouse gases that cause global warming. After the sea absorb excess CO₂, the composition of carbonate system changes. Consequently, the pH of the seawater will reduce and damage the marine ecological environment. The atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) was observed at Xisha in the South China Sea from December 2013 to November 2014. A mathematical procedure based on robust local regression was applied to distinguish background and non-background concentration. The CO₂ background concentration shows large diurnal and seasonal variations. The CO₂ concentration shows lower during daytime and higher during nighttime in four seasons. The maximum is 405.39×10^-6 (V/V) and minimum is 399.12×10^-6(V/V). The CO₂ seasonal cycle shows higher in spring and winter, lower in summer and autumn. The monthly maximum appears in November 2013 (i.e., 406.22×10^-6 (V/V)) and the minimum appears in September 2014 . The diurnal variation of background concentration is mainly affected by sunlight and temperature in the region. And the seasonal variation is controlled by monsoon, atmospheric circulation, photosynthesis, and source or sink of the sea to air.
- Xisha /
- South China Sea /
- atmospheric CO₂ /
- the background concentration

HTML全文

参考文献(30)

Dlugokencky E, Tans P P, 2014: Recent CO₂, NOAA, ESRS, available online at www.esrl. noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/global.html. 2013: Globally averaged marine surface annual mean data, NOAA/ESRL (www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/).

Prather M J, Holmes C D, Hsu J. Reactive greenhouse gas scenarios: Systematic exploration of uncertainties and the role of atmospheric chemistry[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2012, 39(9): L09803.

Joos F, Roth R, Fuglestvedt J S, et al. Carbon dioxide and climate impulse response functions for the computation of greenhouse gas metrics: a multi-model analysis[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2013, 13(2793): 2793-2825.

Sabine C L, Feely R A, Gruber N, et al. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO₂[J]. Science, 2004, 305(5682): 367-371.

Hansell D A, Craig A C, Daniel J R, et al. Dissolved organic matter in the ocean: a controversy stimulates new insights[J]. Oceanography, 2009, 22(4): 202-211.

Riehesell U. Effects of CO₂ enrichment on marine phytoplankton[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 2004, 60(4): 719-729.

Keeling C D. Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations at Mauna Loa observatory, Hawaii[J]. Tellus, 1976, 28(6): 538-551.

Conway T J, Tans P P, Waterman L S, et al. Evidence for interannual variability of the carbon cycle from the NOAA/CMDL global air sampling network[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994, 99(D11): 22831-22855.

Alison C E. δ ¹³C of atmospheric CO₂ at Cape Grim: the in situ record, the flask record, air standards and the CG92 calibration scale[M]//Dick A L, Bouma W, Derek N. Baseline Atmospheric Program (Australia) 1996. Victoria: Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research, Melbourne, 1999: 45-56.

World Meteorological Organization. 12th WMO/IAEA Meeting of experts on carbon dioxide concentration and related tracers measurement techniques[R]. Vienna: WMO GAW Report No.161, 2005.

周凌稀, 张晓春, 郝庆菊, 等. 温室气体本底观测研究[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2006, 2(2): 63-67. Zhou Lingxi, Zhang Xiaochun, Hao Qingju, et al. Study of the background greenhouse gas observation[J]. Advances in Climate Change Research, 2006, 2(2): 63-67.

周凌晞, 刘立新, 张晓春, 等. 我国温室气体本底浓度网络化观测的初步结果[J]. 应用气象学报, 2008, 19(6): 641-645. Zhou Lingxi, Liu Lixin, Zhang Xiaochun, et al. Preliminary results on network observation of greenhouse gases at china GAW stations[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2008, 19(6): 641-645.

刘立新, 周凌晞, 张晓春, 等. 我国4个国家级本底站大气CO₂浓度变化特征[J]. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 2009, 39(2): 222-228. Liu Lixin, Zhou Lingxi, Zhang Xiaochun, et al. The characteristics of atmospheric CO₂ concentration variation of four national background stations in China[J]. Science China Series D: Earth Sciences, 2009, 52(11): 1857-1863.

Zhou Lingxi, Conway T J, White J W C, et al. Long-term record of atmospheric CO₂ and stable isotopic ratios at Waliguan Observatory: Background features and possible drivers, 1991-2002[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2005, 19(3): GB3021.

方双喜, 周凌晞, 臧昆鹏, 等. 光腔衰荡光谱(CRDS)法观测我国4个本底站大气CO₂ [J]. 环境科学学报, 2011, 31(3): 624-629. Fang Shangxi, Zhou Lingxi, Zang Kunpeng, et al. Measurement of atmospheric CO₂ mixing ratio by cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) at the 4 background stations in China[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2011, 31(3): 624-629.

World Meteorological Organization. Global Atmosphere Watch[R]. Geneva: WMO, 1993, 86: 1-19.

张芳, 周凌晞, 许林. 瓦里关大气CH₄浓度变化及其潜在源区分析[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2013, 43(4): 536-546. Zhang Fang, Zhou Lingxi, Xu Lin. Temporal variation of atmospheric CH₄ and the potential source regions at Waliguan, China[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2013, 43(4):536-546.

Ruckstuhl A F, Henne S, Reimann S, et al. Robust extraction of baseline signal of atmospheric trace species using local regression[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2012, 5(11): 2613-2624.

Ruckstuhl A F, Jacobson M P, Field R W, et al. Baseline subtraction using robust local regression estimation[J]. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer, 2001, 68(2): 179-193.

浦静姣, 徐宏辉, 顾骏强, 等. 长江三角洲背景地区CO₂浓度变化特征研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2012, 32(6): 973-979. Pu Jingjiao, Xu Honghui, Gu Junqiang, et al. Study on the concentration variation of CO₂ in the background area of Yangtze River Delta[J]. China Environmental Science, 2012, 32(6): 973-979.

张林海, 仝川, 曾从盛. 河口湿地近地面大气CO₂浓度日变化和季节变化[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(3): 879-884. Zhang Linhai, Gong Chuan, Zeng Congsheng. Diurnal and seasonal variations of surface atmospheric CO₂ concentration in the river estuarine marsh[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(3): 879-884.

王慧鹏, 王春明, 项杰, 等. QuikSCAT卫星散射计矢量风检验及南海月平均风场特征分析[J]. 气象科学, 2014, 34(1): 54-59. Wang Huipeng, Wang Chunming, Xiang Jie, et al. Validation of QuikSCAT satellite scatterometer winds and characteristics of monthly mean wind speed in South China Sea[J]. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences, 2014, 34(1): 54-59.

刘铁军, 郑崇伟, 潘静, 等. 中国周边海域海表风场的季节特征、大风频率和极值风速特征分析[J]. 延边大学学报: 自然科学版, 2013, 39(2): 148-152. Liu Tiejun, Zheng Chongwei, Pan Jing, et al. Analysis of seasonal characteristics, gale frequency and extreme wind speed around the China Sea[J]. Journal of Yanbian University: Natural Science, 2013, 39(2): 148-152.

王蓉, 肖瑜璋, 俞胜宾, 等. 南海北部近岸海域风场特征分析与预报研究[J]. 海洋预报, 2011, 28(2): 1-8. Wang Rong, Xiao Yuzhang, Yu Shengbin, et al. Analysis and forecasting of wind field character on the north of South China Sea borders near-ocean area[J]. Marine Forecasts, 2011, 28(2): 1-8.

吕柯伟, 胡建宇, 杨小怡. 南海及邻近海域海面风场季节性变化的空间差异[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2012, 31(6): 41-47. Lv Kewei, Hu Jianyu, Yang Xiaoyi. Spatial patterns in seasonal variability of sea surface wind over the South China Sea and its adjacent ocean[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2012, 31(6): 41-47.

郝锵, 宁修仁, 刘诚刚, 等. 南海北部初级生产力遥感反演及其环境调控机制[J]. 海洋学报, 2007, 29(3): 58-68. Hao Qiang, Ning Xiuren, Liu Chenggang, et al. Satellite and in situ observations of primary production in the northern South China Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2007, 29(3): 58-68.

翟惟东. 南海北部与珠江河口水域CO₂通量及其调控因子[D]. 厦门: 厦门大学, 2003: 41-55. Zhai Weidong. Air-Sea Fluxes of Carbon Dioxide and Upper Ocean Biogeochemical Processes in the Northern South China Sea and the Pearl River Estuary[D]. Xiamen: Xiamen University, 2003: 41-55.

Zhai Weidong, Dai Minhan, Cai Weijun, et al. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide and air-sea fluxes in the northern South China Sea in spring, summer and autumn[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2005, 96(1/2): 87-97.

Dai Minhan, Zhai Weidong, Cai Weijun, et al. Effects of an estuarine plume-associated bloom on the carbonate system in the lower reaches of the Pearl River estuary and the coastal zone of the northern South China Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2008, 28(12): 1416-1423.

Zhai Weidong, Dai Minhan, Chen B S, et al. Seasonal variations of sea-air CO₂ fluxes in the largest tropical marginal sea (South China Sea) based on multiple-year underway measurements[J]. Biogeosciences, 2013, 10(11): 7775-7791.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计