全球三大洋海山钴结壳资源量估算

张富元; 章伟艳; 任向文; 张霄宇; 朱克超

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.01.010

全球三大洋海山钴结壳资源量估算

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.01.010

1.
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所海底科学国家海洋局重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 浙江杭州 310012
2.
国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061
3.
浙江大学地球科学系, 浙江杭州 310012
4.
国土资源部广州海洋地质调查局, 广东广州 510075

基金项目: 中国大洋协会国际海域资源调查与开发"十二五"研究项目——全球大洋富钴结壳成矿对比与资源潜力评价(DY125-13-R-06);首采区多金属结核资源评价(DY125-14-R-01)。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-12-03
- 修回日期: 2014-01-16

Resource estimation of Co-rich crusts of seamounts in the three oceans

1.
Key Laboratory of State Oceanic Administration for Submarine Sciences, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China;Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 310012, China
3.
Department of Eeosciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
4.
Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Ministry of Land and Resources, Guangzhou 510760, China

摘要

摘要: 钴结壳具有Co、Ni、Cu和Mn及其他金属的潜在矿产资源和储存在结壳层中古环境信息的双重意义。与深海多金属结核和热液硫化物矿床相比,具有较高Co、Ni和Pt含量的海山钴结壳有可能成为商业勘探的潜在目标。为合理地估算出全球三大洋海山钴结壳资源量,基于我国西太平洋海山钴结壳拖网采样调查资料和对太平洋海山钴结壳资源分布规律和钴结壳矿区圈定参数指标的深入研究,按海山不同高度、不同洋壳年龄赋予不同结壳厚度,进而计算出全球三大洋海山钴结壳分布面积为3 039 452.14 km²和干结壳资源量为(1 081.166 1~2 162.332 2)×10⁸ t。太平洋海山钴结壳分布面积为2 123 087.12 km²和干结壳资源量为(513.244~1 026.488)×10⁸ t,大西洋海山钴结壳分布面积为512 509.74 km²和干结壳资源量为(116.503 2~233.006 4)×10⁸ t,印度洋海山钴结壳分布面积为403 855.28 km²和干结壳资源量为(81.484 9~162.969 8)×10⁸ t。三大洋海山钴结壳的Mn、Co、Ni和Cu金属量分别为(138.848 0~277.696 0)×10⁸ t,(3.967 6~7.935 2)×10⁸ t、(2.793 6~5.587 2)×10⁸ t和(0.825 1~1.650 2)×10⁸ t。根据钴结壳的Co含量、Co通量和厚度相关分析,所赋予的钴结壳厚度占理论推测厚度的6.10%~12.20%,这与Ku等得出"钴结壳生长时间约占其整个生命史4%"的认识非常相近。三大洋海山钴结壳实测厚度与赋值厚度对比分析表明,太平洋海山钴结壳赋值厚度平均值为1.87 cm,实测厚度平均值为1.77 cm,相对误差为5.35%,大西洋和印度洋相对误差分别为18.18%和23.23%。研究数据表明按海山高度和洋壳年龄所赋的钴结壳厚度基本合理,估算出的钴结壳资源量基本可靠。本文首次估算出三大洋海山钴结壳资源量,为整个海盆和三大洋海山钴结壳资源量估算提供了新方法。
- 三大洋 /
- 海山 /
- 钴结壳 /
- 资源量 /
- 估算 /
- 矿产资源评价
Abstract: Marine cobalt (Co)-rich ferromanganese crusts are important because they are potential mineral resources for Co,Ni,Cu,Mn and other metals,and the paleoenvironment signals have been stored in their stratigraphic layers. Compared with pelagic polymetallic nodules and hydrothermal deposits,the Co-rich crust has higher Co,Ni and Pt contents,which make it possible for commercial exploitation. Based on Chinese surveyed data for Co-rich ferromanganese crust on some seamounts in the western Pacific,we performed a series of detail studies on the distribution of Co-rich ferromanganese crust and parameter indexes for delineation of Co-rich ferromanganese crust resources on seamounts. Then,each seamount is endowed with the crust thickness according to its height and age of underlying ocean crust,and thereby we calculated the amount of dry crust resources in the three oceans(1 081.166 1~2 162.332 2)×10⁸ t and distributed areas of crusts on seamounts (3 039 452.14 km²). And,the area covered by Co-rich ferromanganese crusts on seamounts in the Pacific,Atlantic,and Indian Ocean is 2 123 087.12 km²,512 509.74 km² and 403 855.28 km²,respectively,and the dry Co-rich ferromanganese crust resources in the Pacific,Atlantic,and Indian Ocean are (513.244~1 026.488)×10⁸ t,(116.503 2~233.006 4)×10⁸ t and (81.484 9~162.969 8)×10⁸ t,respectively. The contents of manganese,cobalt,nickel,and copper in the Co-rich ferromanganese crusts on seamounts in three oceans are (138.848~277.696)×10⁸ t,(3.967 6~7.935 2)×10⁸ t,(2.793 6~5.587 2)×10⁸ t and (0.825 1~1.650 2)×10⁸ t,respectively. Based on analyzing the relationship among Co-contents,Co-fluxes and Co-crust thickness,the endowed crust thickness accounts for 6.10%~12.20% of the theoretical deductive thickness,which supports Ku's conclusion that the crusts were actually growing for 4% of their lifetime. The average of endowed thickness is 1.87 cm and the average of measured thickness is 1.77 cm of Co-rich ferromanganese crusts on seamounts in the Pacific,and the relative error between endowed thickness and measured thickness is 5.35%. Correspondingly,the relative error in Atlantic and Indian Ocean is 18.18% and 23.23%,respectively. It shows that the endowed value for crust thickness on seamounts in the Pacific is reasonable and the obtained resource amount may be reliable. Finally,this paper provides a new method for estimating the resource amount of Co-rich ferromanganese crust on seamounts in global deep-sea basins.
- three oceans /
- seamount /
- Co-rich ferromanganese crust /
- resource amount /
- estimation /
- evaluation of mineral resources

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