Size structure of standing stock and primary production of phytoplankton in the Chukchi Sea and the adjacent sea area during the summer of 2012
-
摘要: 通过2012年夏季第五次北极科学考察期间在楚科奇海及其邻近海域现场调查所获得的数据分析研究了海域的粒度分级叶绿素a浓度和初级生产力。结果表明,叶绿素a浓度和初级生产力的高值均出现在楚科奇海陆架区,并且远高于深海区。去程时调查海域水层平均叶绿素a浓度的变化范围为0.32~15.66 mg/m3,平均(2.77±3.96)mg/m3,高值区出现在南部邻近白令海峡海域、北部阿拉斯加巴罗近岸和冰缘区;初级生产力的范围为50.11~943.28 mg/(m2·d),高值出现在冰缘水华区。返程时水层平均叶绿素a浓度的变化范围为0.07~1.52 mg/m3,平均(0.41±0.40)mg/m3,高值仍出现在陆架区,但比去程时低了一个数量级;初级生产力的分布范围为12.31~41.35 mg/(m2·d),高值出现在陆架区。浮游植物粒度分级测定结果表明,在生物量较低的深海区,叶绿素a浓度和初级生产力的粒级结构以微微型浮游生物(Pico级份)占优势(其贡献率分别为46.1%和56.9%),小型(Net级份)和微型(Nano级份)对总叶绿素a浓度的贡献差异极小,分别为26.6%和27.3%,对总初级生产力的贡献分别为23.8%和19.3%;而在生物量较高的水深小于200 m的陆架区,Net级份叶绿素a浓度所占百分比最高,Pico级份次之,Nano级份最低,分别为59.8%、27.9%和12.3%,初级生产力的粒级结构中叶绿素a浓度所占百分比由高到低同样是Net、Pico和Nano,所占百分比分别为60.6%,32.2%和7.2%。Abstract: Size fractionated standing stock and primary production of phytoplankton in the Chukchi Sea and the adjacent sea area were studied during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in the summer of 2012. The results clearly showed that there was marked feature of spatial zonation in the sea areas investigated. In the shelf region, the standing stock and primary production were much higher than those of deep-sea area. The water column integrated average values of Chl a concentration varied from 0.32 to 15.66 mg/m3 [on average (2.77±3.96)mg/m3] during the outward voyage. The high values appeared in the southern Chukchi Sea, coast areas near Point Barrow of Alaska and northern ice edge area. The lowest and highest value of primary production (PP) were 50.11 mg/(m2·d) and 943.28 mg/(m2·d), and the high value was encountered in the ice edge where phytoplankton bloom happened. During the return voyage, the water column integrated average value of Chl a concentration was an order of magnitude lower than the outward voyage. The values of PP were 12.31~41.35 mg/(m2·d), with the high value appearing in the shelf region. The results of size-fractionated Chl a and PP showed that photosynthetic picoplankton was the greatest contributor to phytoplankton stocks and production in deep-sea area (46.1% and 56.9% respectively), and the differences between contributions of microplankton and nanoplankton to Chl a and PP were very small. But in the shelf region, microplankton took the dominant position of Chl a(59.8%) and PP (60.6%), picoplankton second and nanoplankton the minimum.
-
Key words:
- Chukchi Sea /
- Arctic /
- phytoplankton standing stock /
- primary production /
- size structure
-
Parkinson C L, Cavalieri D J, Gloersen P, et al. Arctic sea ice extents, areas, and trends, 1978-1996[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978-2012), 1999, 104(C9): 20837-20856. Comiso J C. A rapidly declining perennial sea ice cover in the Arctic[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29(20): 17-1-17-4. Holland M M, Bitz C M, Tremblay B. Future abrupt reductions in the summer Arctic sea ice[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33(23): L23503. Wang M Y, Overland J E. A sea ice free summer Arctic within 30 years?[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36(7): L7502. Arrigo K R, Van Dijken G, Pabi S. Impact of a shrinking Arctic ice cover on marine primary production[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2008, 35(19): L19603. 刘子琳, 陈建芳, 刘艳岚, 等. 2008年夏季西北冰洋观测区叶绿素a和初级生产力粒级结构[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(2): 124-133. 刘子琳, 陈建芳, 张涛, 等. 楚科奇海及其海台区粒度分级叶绿素a与初级生产力[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(12): 4953-4962. Holm-Hansen O, Lorenzen C J, Holmes R W, et al. Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll[J]. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 1965, 30(1): 3-15. Poole H H, Atkins W R G. Photo-electric measurements of submarine illumination throughout the year[J]. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (New Series), 1929, 16(1): 297-324. Evans C A, O'Reilly J E, O'Reilly J E, et al. A handbook for the measurement of chlorophyll a and primary production[M]//Biological Investigations of Marine Antarctic Systems and Stocks (BIOMASS). Texas: Texas A and M University, 1987: 8, 114. Ning X R, Vaulot D, Lin Z S, et al. Standing stock and production of phytoplankton in the estuary of the Changjiang (Yangste River) and the adjacent East China Sea[J]. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 1988, 49(10): 141-150. Rao D S, Platt T. Primary production of Arctic waters[J]. Polar Biology, 1984, 3(4): 191-201. 赵进平, 史久新, 金明明, 等. 楚科奇海融冰过程中的海水结构研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(2): 154-162. Grebmeier J M, Mcroy C P, Feder H M. Pelagic-benthic coupling on the shelf of the northern Bering and Chukchi seas. 1. Food supply source and benthic bio-mass[J]. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 1988, 48(1): 57-67. Aagaard K, Weingartner T J, Danielson S L, et al. Some controls on flow and salinity in Bering Strait[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33(19): L19602. Grebmeier J M, Cooper L W, Feder H M, et al. Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific-influenced northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2006, 71(2): 331-361. 李宏亮, 陈建芳, 高生泉, 等. 西北冰洋中太平洋入流水营养盐的变化特征[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(2): 85-95. Parsons T R, Takahashi M. Environmental control of phytoplankton cell size[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 1973, 18(4): 511-515. Cottrell M T, Kirchman D L. Photoheterotrophic microbes in the Arctic Ocean in summer and winter[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2009, 75(15): 4958-4966. 林景宏, 戴燕玉, 张金标, 等. 夏季楚科奇海浮游动物的生态特征[J]. 极地研究, 2001, 13(2): 107-116. 张光涛, 孙松. 2003年夏季西北冰洋浮游动物群落结构和地理分布研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(2): 146-156. Norden-Andersen O G. The Annual Cycle of Phytoplankton Primary Production and Hydrography in the Disko Bugt Area, West Greenland[M]. Copenhagen: Commission for Scientific Research in Greenland, 1981: 68. Michel C, Legendre L, Therriault J, et al. Springtime coupling between ice algal and phytoplankton assemblages in southeastern Hudson Bay, Canadian Arctic[J]. Polar Biology, 1993, 13(7): 441-449. 杨清良, 林更铭, 林茂, 等. 楚科奇海和白令海浮游植物的种类组成与分布[J]. 极地研究, 2002, 14(2): 410-521. Wang J, Cota G F, Comiso J C. Phytoplankton in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas: distribution, dynamics, and environmental forcing[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part li-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2005, 52(24): 3355-3368. Perrette M, Yool A, Quartly G D, et al. Near-ubiquity of ice-edge blooms in the Arctic[J]. Biogeosciences, 2011, 8(2): 515-524. Heimdal B R. Arctic ocean phytoplankton[M]//The Arctic Seas. US: Springer, 1989: 193-222. 张芳, 何剑锋, 郭超颖, 等. 夏季北冰洋楚科奇海微微型, 微型浮游植物和细菌的丰度分布特征及其与水团的关系[J]. 极地研究, 2012, 24(3): 238-246. 庄燕培, 金海燕, 陈建芳, 等. 北冰洋中心区表层海水营养盐及浮游植物群落对快速融冰的响应[J]. 极地研究, 2012, 24(2): 151-158.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1719
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 1557
- 被引次数: 0