两类La Ni&#241;a季节演变过程的海气耦合特征对比

王磊; 张文君; 祁莉; 何金海

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.01.009

两类La Niña季节演变过程的海气耦合特征对比

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.01.009

Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education and College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2012CB417403；2010CB950400）；国家自然科学基金项目（41005049）；长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助（PCSIRT）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（PAPD）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-06-27

Contrasting air-sea features associated with two types of La Niña during the seasonal evolution

Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education and College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

摘要

摘要: 利用1951—2010年逐月的HadISST海表温度资料、SODA次表层海温资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等，对比分析了东太平洋（EP型）La Niña 和中太平洋（CP 型）La Niña的海气耦合特征在季节演变过程中的差异。EP La Niña海表温度异常中心在发展年夏季出现于南美沿岸，随后向西移动，盛期最大海表温度异常中心位于赤道东太平洋，而CP La Niña海温异常中心少动，基本维持在160°W附近，其强度更强，持续时间更长。受海温分布形态影响，热带大气对两类La Niña 的响应非常不同，成熟期间CP型在中太平洋偏旱的强度和范围比EP型大，且略偏西。发展年夏、秋季，北半球位势高度响应较弱；冬季，负PNA位相易伴随两类La Niña出现，但异常活动中心的位置和强度不同，在北大西洋其大气响应几乎相反，这些差异会引起显著不同的区域气候异常。
- EPLaNiñ /
- a /
- CPLaNiñ /
- a /
- 海气耦合特征 /
- 遥响应
Abstract: The air-sea coupled features are investigated associated with Eastern Pacific (EP) La Niña and Central Pacific (CP) La Niña during seasonal evolution, by using the monthly sea surface temperature from HadISST, subsurface sea temperature from SODA, and reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR. For EP La Niña, the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) occur over South American coast in developing summer and then are displaced westward. The negative SSTA center covers the eastern equatorial Pacific during the mature phase. Nevertheless, no significant propagation of SSTA is observed for the CP La Niña and its SSTA center maintains at around 160°W. The CP La Niña-SSTA are more intensive and persist longer compared to the EP La Niña. Tropical atmosphere responses are different for two types of La Niña. The CP La Niña is featured by a stronger intensity, a larger extent, and a slightly westward displacement in moist divergence compared to the EP La Niña. As a response to the two types of La Niña, height anomalies are both weak in developing summer and autumn. A negative Pacific-North America (PNA) pattern tends to be dominant during La Niña winters. However, their intensity and location differ from each other. Almost opposing North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-like atmospheric anomalies occur during the EP and CP La Niña winters, which may cause very different regional climate anomalies.
- EP La Niñ /
- a /
- CP La Niñ /
- a /
- air-sea coupled features /
- teleconnection

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