Biogeochemical behaviors of 210Po, 210Bi, and 210Pb in the East China Sea close to the Changjiang Estuary during a spring red tide event
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摘要: 210Bi-210Pb核素对被认为是一种新型的可以示踪海洋颗粒物动力学过程的良好示踪剂。由于210Bi半衰期较短以及分析难度较大等限制因素的存在,人们对海洋中210Bi的生物地球化学行为如何以及是否存在210Bi-210Pb活度不平衡现象这两个问题缺乏足够认知。本文于2017年5月5日至15日搭载基金委春季航次对长江口外东海赤潮爆发期间水体中溶解态和颗粒态(溶解态+颗粒态=总态)210Po、210Bi和210Pb活度浓度及核素活度比进行了现场观测。结果显示,总态210Po/210Pb活度比在0.20到2.08之间变化,平均值为0.82±0.58(n=15);总态210Bi/210Pb活度比在0.32到3.72之间变化,平均值为1.38±0.79(n=15),表明水体中普遍存在210Po-210Pb和210Bi-210Pb活度不平衡现象;而深层水体中存在明显的210Po和210Bi相对于210Pb过剩的现象,表明210Po和210Bi伴随颗粒物在深层水体中发生再溶出现象。通过计算三种核素的分配系数和分馏因子,本文发现颗粒物在同时清除210Po、210Bi和210Pb的过程中,倾向于优惠清除210Po和210Bi;与210Po类似,210Bi表现出比210Pb更强的海洋颗粒物亲和活性特征,浮游植物爆发(生物量的增加)能促进210Bi与210Pb之间的分馏行为,支持了210Bi-210Pb可用于示踪海洋颗粒物过程的观点。
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关键词:
- 近海 /
- 210Bi-210Pb活度不平衡 /
- 赤潮爆发 /
- 分馏因子 /
- 生物地球化学行为
Abstract: The 210Bi-210Pb radionuclide pair is considered to be a new radiotracer for particulate carbon dynamics. Due to the very short half-life of 210Bi and the difficulty of determination, we have very few knowledge about the biogeochemical behavior of 210Bi in the ocean and whether there is a 210Bi-210Pb activity disequilibrium. This paper reported the observation results of dissolved and particulate 210Po, 210Bi, and 210Pb and their activity ratios in seawaters in the East China Sea close to the Changjiang Estuary during a red tide event on the spring scientific cruise from May 5 to 15, 2017. The results showed that the 210Po/210Pb activity ratio varied from 0.20 to 2.08, with an average of 0.82±0.58 (n=15) and the 210Bi/210Pb activity ratio changed between 0.31 and 3.72, showing an average of 1.38±0.79 (n=15). This phenomenon indicates that the activity disequilibrium of 210Po-210Pb and 210Bi-210Pb was ubiquitous in the seawater. More specifically, there is an obvious 210Po and 210Bi excess relative to 210Pb in deep seawater, which implied that 210Po and 210Bi might be released from sinking particles in the middle and deep layer of water column. By calculating the distribution coefficients and fractionation factors of 210Po, 210Bi, and 210Pb, it was found that suspended particles in seawater tended to preferentially scavenge and remove 210Po and 210Bi, comparing with 210Pb. Similar to 210Po, 210Bi showed a stronger particle affinity for marine suspended particles than 210Pb, and the increase of phytoplankton biomass can promote the fractionation behavior between 210Bi and 210Pb, supporting the idea that 210Bi-210Pb can be used to trace particle processes in the ocean.-
Key words:
- Coastal sea /
- 210Bi-210Pb disequilibrium /
- Red tide /
- Fractionation factor /
- Biogeochemical behavior
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图 2 海水样品中溶解态和颗粒态 210Po、210Bi 和 210Pb 分析流程(修改自Zhong et al. (2020)[12]),其中红框中的流程步骤需在科考船上完成
Fig. 2 Joint analytical scheme for determination of 210Po, 210Bi and 210Pb activity in seawater samples (modified from Zhong et al. (2020)[12]). Procedures in red dashed boxes were accomplished on the scientific research ship.
表 1 采样信息及水化学参数
Tab. 1 Information for sampling stations and hydrochemical parameters
站位 层位 纬度 经度 采样时间 站位水深 体积 盐度 温度 TSM Chl-a POC 备注 °N °E m L ℃ mg/L μg/L μmol/L A11-4 1 m 29.02 122.74 2017/5/5 17:41 56 53.8 29.9 19.1 4.4 2.4 59±2 轻微赤潮 A10-5 1 m 29.32 123.00 2017/5/6 6:00 57 53 30.4 18.9 2.1 1.6 NA 无明显赤潮 A9-4 1 m 29.77 123.25 2017/5/7 14:58 58 51 31.4 19.7 33.2 14.4 292±12 赤潮严重 A8-4 1 m 30.05 123.26 2017/5/8 19:30 67 46.6 30.7 19.3 2.1 0.89 63±3 赤潮严重 10 m 30.05 123.26 2017/5/8 19:30 54.7 30.5 18.7 6.6 NA 200±8 20 m 30.05 123.26 2017/5/8 19:30 49.2 30.8 18.0 9.2 NA 64±3 30 m 30.05 123.26 2017/5/8 19:30 45.5 32.7 19.1 5.5 0.61 25±1 45 m 30.05 123.26 2017/5/8 19:30 54.9 33.8 19.6 2.9 NA 25±1 60 m 30.05 123.26 2017/5/8 19:30 55.3 33.7 19.5 14.1 0.10 NA A7-5 1 m 30.26 123.49 2017/5/13 13:42 64 52.1 32.3 22.3 8.8 10.8 286±11 赤潮严重 A6-11 1 m 30.40 123.99 2017/5/13 17:00 49 53.9 30.0 20.0 3.2 2.3 62±3 无明显赤潮 A5-7 1 m 30.78 123.49 2017/5/15 11:10 54 64.3 29.4 19.5 1.3 1.4 33±1 无明显赤潮 A4-6 1 m 31.07 123.25 2017/5/15 13:45 55 62.3 28.8 19.7 2.6 2.4 49±2 无明显赤潮 A1-7 1 m 32.25 123.49 2017/5/11 16:00 38 61.6 29.5 17.9 6.4 2.3 86±3 轻微赤潮 SS 1 m 30.71 122.81 2017/5/12 12:10 19 77.5 29.7 NA 3.9 NA 45±2 无明显赤潮 NA:表示未获得。 表 2 长江口外东海赤潮爆发期间海水中210Po、210Bi和210Pb的活度浓度大小和核素活度比值
Tab. 2 Activity concentrations and activity ratios of 210Po, 210Bi, and 210Pb in seawater samples in the East China Sea close to the Changjiang Estuary during red tide
站位 层位 210Po-D 210Bi-D 210Pb-D 210Po-P 210Bi-P 210Pb-P 210Po-T 210Bi-T 210Pb-T 210Po-T / 210Pb-T 210Bi-T / 210Pb-T dpm/100L A11-4 1 m 6.55±0.97 15.9±1.51 21.8±0.83 2.24±0.16 5.58±0.53 5.89±0.45 8.79±0.98 21.5±2.1 27.7±1.05 0.32 0.78 A10-5 1 m 6.27±0.76 3.44±0.41 2.33±0.13 2.54±0.18 3.37±0.40 12.8±0.84 8.81±0.78 6.82±0.68 15.1±0.86 0.58 0.45 A9-4 1 m 1.27±0.09 6.94±0.66 8.41±0.51 3.08±0.21 12.1±1.15 3.36±0.21 4.35±0.23 19.0±1.90 11.7±0.71 0.37 1.62 A8-4 1 m 0.84±0.06 7.38±0.89 8.34±0.48 1.23±0.07 7.63±0.92 1.98±0.13 2.07±0.10 15.0±1.50 10.3±0.60 0.2 1.46 10 m 6.48±1.18 13.5±1.28 5.97±0.31 2.12±0.15 11.0±1.05 5.78±0.36 8.60±1.19 24.5±2.45 11.7±0.62 0.73 2.09 20 m 6.13±0.42 19.7±2.37 29.7±1.40 2.09±0.12 2.09±0.25 2.03±0.15 8.22±0.44 21.8±2.18 31.7±1.50 0.26 0.69 30 m 15.4±0.60 5.34±0.51 9.72±0.44 2.59±0.18 5.56±0.53 0.85±0.07 18.0±0.62 10.9±1.09 10.6±0.48 1.70 1.03 45 m 4.66±0.93 13.4±1.60 3.95±0.23 4.51±0.28 3.04±0.36 0.46±0.03 9.18±0.97 16.4±1.64 4.41±0.25 2.08 3.72 60 m 7.59±0.29 5.33±0.51 5.07±0.29 5.79±0.34 8.19±0.78 2.93±0.20 13.4±0.45 13.5±1.35 7.99±0.46 1.67 1.69 A7-5 1 m 4.31±0.30 2.59±0.31 6.08±0.26 5.21±0.33 8.65±1.04 11.3±0.52 9.53±0.44 5.62±0.56 17.4±0.74 0.55 0.32 A6-11 1 m 4.36±0.63 7.68±0.73 4.44±0.36 1.57±0.10 2.01±0.19 1.99±0.12 5.93±0.64 9.69±0.97 6.43±0.53 0.92 1.51 A5-7 1 m 2.81±0.34 8.28±0.99 1.10±0.07 1.35±0.08 6.38±0.77 7.02±0.56 4.15±0.35 14.7±1.5 8.12±0.53 0.51 1.81 A4-6 1 m 4.56±0.63 3.12±0.30 1.84±0.12 1.45±0.10 1.13±0.11 2.43±0.17 6.01±0.64 4.26±0.43 4.26±0.27 1.41 1.00 SS 1 m 1.74±0.15 5.06±0.48 2.72±0.18 3.91±0.24 5.74±0.55 6.69±0.41 5.65±0.28 10.8±1.08 9.41±0.64 0.6 1.15 A1-7 1 m 1.86±0.22 4.90±0.59 4.42±0.34 1.53±0.09 6.04±0.73 3.71±0.20 3.39±0.24 10.9±1.09 8.13±0.62 0.42 1.35 最小值 0.84 2.59 1.1 1.23 1.13 0.46 2.07 4.26 4.26 0.2 0.32 最大值 15.4 19.7 29.7 5.79 12.1 12.8 18 24.5 31.7 2.08 3.72 平均值±SD 4.99±3.46 8.17±4.95 7.72±7.6 2.75±1.41 5.90±3.13 4.61±3.53 7.74±3.93 13.7±5.91 12.3±7.65 0.82±0.58 1.38±0.79 表 3 水体中210Po、210Bi和210Pb的分配系数以及210Po-210Pb和210Bi-210Pb的分馏因子
Tab. 3 Distribution coefficients of 210Po, 210Bi, and 210Pb and fractionation factors of 210Po-210Pb and 210Bi-210Pb
站位 层位 Kd-210Po Kd-210Bi Kd-210Pb FPo/Pb FBi/Pb FPo/Bi mL/g A11-4 1 m 7.71E+04 7.91E+04 6.08E+04 1.27 1.30 0.97 A10-5 1 m 1.93E+05 4.65E+05 2.61E+06 0.07 0.18 0.42 A9-4 1 m 7.29E+04 5.25E+04 1.20E+04 6.06 4.36 1.39 A8-4 1 m 7.11E+05 5.02E+05 1.15E+05 6.18 4.36 1.42 10 m 4.95E+04 1.23E+05 1.46E+05 0.34 0.84 0.40 20 m 3.70E+04 1.15E+04 7.43E+03 4.98 1.55 3.22 30 m 3.06E+04 1.89E+05 1.59E+04 1.93 11.9 0.16 45 m 3.31E+05 7.77E+04 3.97E+04 8.34 1.96 4.26 60 m 5.43E+04 1.09E+05 4.11E+04 1.32 2.66 0.50 A7-5 1 m 1.37E+05 3.80E+05 2.11E+05 0.65 1.80 0.66 A6-11 1 m 1.13E+05 8.18E+04 1.40E+05 0.80 0.58 1.98 A5-7 1 m 3.56E+05 5.72E+05 4.72E+06 0.08 0.12 0.36 A4-6 1 m 1.20E+05 1.37E+05 5.01E+05 0.24 0.27 1.38 A1-7 1 m 1.28E+05 1.93E+05 1.31E+05 0.98 1.47 0.62 SS 1 m 5.75E+05 2.90E+05 6.27E+05 0.92 0.46 0.88 最小值 3.06E+04 1.15E+04 7.43E+03 0.07 0.12 0.16 最大值 7.11E+05 5.72E+05 4.72E+06 8.34 11.93 4.26 平均值 1.99E+05 2.18E+05 6.26E+05 2.35 2.32 1.24 标准偏差 1.99E+05 1.74E+05 1.27E+06 2.68 2.99 1.11 -
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