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安达曼海中尺度涡季节变化分析

林圳涛 谢玲玲 黄润琪 白鹏

林圳涛,谢玲玲,黄润琪,等. 安达曼海中尺度涡季节变化分析[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(4):1–16 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023035
引用本文: 林圳涛,谢玲玲,黄润琪,等. 安达曼海中尺度涡季节变化分析[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(4):1–16 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023035
Lin Zhentao,Xie Lingling,Huang Runqi, et al. Seasonal variation of mesoscale eddies in the Andaman Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(4):1–16 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023035
Citation: Lin Zhentao,Xie Lingling,Huang Runqi, et al. Seasonal variation of mesoscale eddies in the Andaman Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(4):1–16 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023035

安达曼海中尺度涡季节变化分析

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023035
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(42276019,41776034);广东省高等学校创新团队项目(2019KCXTF021);广东省冲一流专项资金项目(231419012,231819002);广东海洋大学科学博士启动基金(R18001)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    林圳涛(1998-),男,广东省揭阳市人,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail: 1397454768@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    谢玲玲(1983-),女,教授,博士,主要从事物理海洋学研究。 E-mail: xiell@gdou.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P731.2

Seasonal variation of mesoscale eddies in the Andaman Sea

  • 摘要: 利用 AVISO 提供的中尺度涡数据集,对1993–2019年间安达曼海中尺度涡的涡旋特征、运动规律及其季节变化机制进行统计分析。结果显示,27年间安达曼海共出现中尺度涡328个,其中反气旋涡(171个)多于气旋涡(157个),主要分布在中西部盆地深水区。涡旋平均寿命为46.4 d,平均半径为111.8 km,平均振幅为4.7 cm,平均最大转速为24.8 cm/s,平均移动速度为15.0 cm/s,反气旋涡的平均半径、振幅和转速均大于气旋涡,而移动速度小于气旋涡。涡旋的半径、振幅和最大转速在其生命周期中都经历了先增大后减小的过程,移动速度则先减小后增大。在季节变化方面,反气旋涡和气旋涡性质冬夏对比呈现“跷跷板”现象,即夏季气旋涡比反气旋涡更多更强更大,冬季则反气旋涡更多更强更大;涡旋分布位置,夏季从北向南呈“气旋–反气旋–气旋”的极性反转交替分布,冬季则与之相反。动力机制分析显示,背景流场涡度可能影响安达曼海涡旋极性交替分布,正(负)涡度背景流利于气旋(反气旋)涡存在。涡旋能量变化机制显示,风强迫是安达曼海涡旋主要能量来源,风场能量输入与涡旋动能的季节变化吻合。
  • 图  1  安达曼海及其邻近海域地形图

    Fig.  1  Topographic map of the Andaman Sea and its adjacent waters

    图  2  安达曼海中尺度涡生成数量(a−c)和消亡数量(d−f)空间分布

    a, d. 总涡旋数,b, e. 反气旋涡,c, f. 气旋涡

    Fig.  2  Spatial distribution of numbers of generating (a−c) and dissipating (d−f) mesoscale eddies in the Andaman Sea

    a, d. the total eddies, b, e. the anticyclonic eddies, c, f. the cyclonic eddies

    图  3  气旋涡和反气旋涡寿命(a)和传播距离(b)分布

    Fig.  3  Statistics of cyclonic eddy and anticyclonic eddy life span (a) and propagating distance (b)

    图  4  涡旋动力特征概率分布

    Fig.  4  Probability distribution of eddy dynamic characteristics

    图  5  显著东移涡旋的生成位置(点)及对应的背景纬向流(a)和在西向背景流中显著东移涡旋的移动轨迹(b)

    Fig.  5  The generation location of significant eastward propagating eddies (dots) and corresponding background zonal flow (a) and the significant eastward propagation trajectories of the cyclonic (orange lines) and anticyclonic (red lines) eddies in the westward background flow (b)

    图  6  反气旋涡和气旋涡南北向移动的概率

    Fig.  6  Probability distribution of meridional propagation of anticyclonic eddies and cyclonic eddies

    图  7  涡旋半径(a)、振幅(b)、转速(c)和移速(d)在归一化周期内的变化

    Fig.  7  Variation of eddy radius (a), amplitude (b), rotating speed (c) and propagation speed (d) in the normalized life span

    图  8  安达曼海涡旋特征的季节分布

    Fig.  8  Seasonal distribution of the eddies characteristics in the Andaman Sea

    图  9  安达曼海中尺度涡空间分布的季节变化

    缩写C1−C6和AC1−AC6指气旋或反气旋聚集发生区

    Fig.  9  Seasonal variations of the locations of mesoscale eddies in the Andaman Sea

    Abbreviations (C1−C6, AC1−AC6) mark the cluster regions of cyclonic or anticyclonic eddies

    图  10  安达曼海夏(a)、冬(b)两季海面流场涡度(彩色)及涡旋生成位置(点)

    实心红点为反气旋涡,实心蓝点为气旋涡。缩写C2 和AC3等指气旋或反气旋聚集发生区

    Fig.  10  Background circulation vorticity (color) and eddy generating locations (dots) of Andaman Sea in summer (a) and winter (b)

    Red and blue dots represent anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies, respectively. Abbreviations (i.e., C2, AC3) mark the cluster regions of cyclonic or anticyclonic eddies

    图  11  北部(a)、中部(b)和南部(c)海盆的斜压能量转化率(BC)、正压能量转化率(BT)和对应的风应力功率(WW)(d)

    Fig.  11  Composite baroclinic (BC) and barotropic (BT) eddy energy conversion rates in the northern basin (a), the middle basin (b) and the southern basin (c), as well as the composite rate of wind stress work (WW) in each basin (d)

    图  12  安达曼海北部(a)、中部(b)、南部(c)海盆空间平均涡动能(EKE)、风应力功率(WW)和能量输入总和(BC+BT+WW)的季节分布

    Fig.  12  Seasonal distribution of averaged eddy kinetic energy (EKE), rate of wind stress work (WW) and energy input (BC+BT+WW) in the northern basin (a), the middle basin (b), the southern basin (c) of the Andaman Sea

    图  13  安达曼海在小于275 km尺度下的风能输入

    Fig.  13  Wind power input to the flow at scales <275 km in the Andaman Sea

    表  1  涡旋纬向运动特征统计

    Tab.  1  Statistical analysis of zonal motion characteristics

    传播方向涡旋极性数量占比平均移动经度空间分布
    西向传播AE14383.63%1.72°整个安达曼海
    CE11673.89%1.61°
    东向传播AE2816.37%0.63°安达曼海东部海域
    CE4126.11%0.71°安达曼海西部海域
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  全球及安达曼海周边海域中尺度涡特征

    Tab.  2  Mesoscale eddy characteristics of the world and the waters surrounding the Andaman Sea

    海域海域长宽(南北/东西)/km生命周期/d涡旋振幅/cm涡旋半径/km传播距离/km不同极性数量比/AE∶CE
    全球[35]>1000084.9
    AE > CE
    7.7
    AE < CE
    82.4
    AE > CE
    271.7
    AE > CE
    173245∶179127
    AE < CE
    孟加拉湾[15]2750/160055
    AE < CE
    9.2
    AE < CE
    124
    AE > CE
    336
    AE < CE
    389∶565
    AE < CE
    南海[20]2000/100061.6\132582.5434∶393
    AE > CE
    班达海[13]450/100040
    AE < CE
    4.1
    AE < CE
    116
    AE=CE
    165.3
    AE > CE
    71∶76
    AE < CE
    苏禄海[40]790/600321.8876.6\225∶243
    AE < CE
    安达曼海1100/60046.4
    AE < CE
    4.7
    AE > CE
    111.8
    AE > CE
    231.3
    AE > CE
    171∶157
    AE > CE
    注:\为缺省值,引文未统计或计算该变量。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-02-08
  • 修回日期:  2022-08-03
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-10-27
  • 刊出日期:  2023-03-31

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