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钝缀锦蛤(Tapes dorsatus)稚贝的温度和盐度耐受性研究

张柯馨 曹楚畑 刘志刚 吴加莹 张元 展建强 陈麟广

张柯馨,曹楚畑,刘志刚,等. 钝缀锦蛤(Tapes dorsatus)稚贝的温度和盐度耐受性研究[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(4):57–64 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022094
引用本文: 张柯馨,曹楚畑,刘志刚,等. 钝缀锦蛤(Tapes dorsatus)稚贝的温度和盐度耐受性研究[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(4):57–64 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022094
Zhang Kexin,Cao Chutian,Liu Zhigang, et al. Study on temperature and salinity tolerance of Tapes dorsatus juveniles[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(4):57–64 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022094
Citation: Zhang Kexin,Cao Chutian,Liu Zhigang, et al. Study on temperature and salinity tolerance of Tapes dorsatus juveniles[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(4):57–64 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022094

钝缀锦蛤(Tapes dorsatus)稚贝的温度和盐度耐受性研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022094
基金项目: 2019广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA19254032-3)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张柯馨(1998-),女,河南省安阳市人,主要从事贝类遗传育种与增养殖的研究。E-mail: 2190678425@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    刘志刚,教授,主要从事贝类遗传育种与增养殖的研究。E-mail: Liuzg919@126.com

  • 中图分类号: S917.4

Study on temperature and salinity tolerance of Tapes dorsatus juveniles

  • 摘要: 本实验在室内控制条件下,采用实验生态学方法研究了钝缀锦蛤(Tapes dorsatus)稚贝对温度和盐度的耐受性。在温度耐受性方面:(1)稚贝在低温端温度为4℃、6℃、8℃、10℃时保持90%~100%存活的时间分别为0 d、2 d、3 d、7 d;在高温端温度为33℃、34℃、35℃、36℃时保持90%~100%存活率的时间分别为5 d、4 d、1 d、0 d;(2)在温度胁迫条件下,钝缀锦蛤在48 h、96 h、144 h和192 h的半致死温度在低温端分别为5.02℃、7.68℃、9.01℃和9.20℃;高温端分别为35.44℃、34.74℃、34.43℃和34.25℃。在盐度耐受性方面:(1)在低盐端盐度为13.0、15.6、18.2、20.8、23.4时保持90%~100%存活率的时间分别为1 d、1 d、≥9 d、≥9 d、≥9 d;在高盐端盐度为41.6、44.2、46.8、49.4、52.0时保持90%~100%存活率的时间分别为9 d、2 d、1 d、1 d、1 d;(2)钝缀锦蛤稚贝在48 h、96 h、144 h和192 h的半致死盐度,低盐端分别为14.46、16.02、16.76、16.91;高盐端分别为>52.0、51.79、50.58、48.88;(3)存活的适宜盐度为16.91~48.20,最适盐度为18.20~41.60;生长的适宜盐度为23.58~45.15,最适盐度为33.90。本实验结果表明,钝缀锦蛤稚贝对高温的耐受性较强,适合在南方温度较高的海域养殖;其适宜生存盐度范围较广,最适生长盐度与外海海水盐度基本相同,适合外海养殖。
  • 图  1  高、低端温度下钝缀锦蛤稚贝相对存活率随时间的变化

    Fig.  1  Relative survival rate changed with time at high temperature zone and low temperature zone for Tapes dorsatus juveniles

    图  2  不同盐度下钝缀锦蛤稚贝的存活率

    上标不同小写字母表示各组之间差异显著(p<0.05)

    Fig.  2  Survival rate of Tapes dorsatus juveniles at different salinities

    Different superscript lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups (p<0.05)

    图  3  钝缀锦蛤稚贝随盐度变化的鲜重日增长率

    上标不同小写字母表示各组之间差异显著(p<0.05)

    Fig.  3  Daily growth rate changed with salinity for fresh weight of Tapes dorsatus juveniles

    Different superscript lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups (p<0.05)

    图  4  钝缀锦蛤稚贝随盐度变化的壳长、壳高日增长率

    上标不同小写字母表示各组之间差异显著(p<0.05)

    Fig.  4  Daily growth rate changed with salinity for shell legnth and shell height of Tapes dorsatus juveniles

    Different superscript lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups (p<0.05)

    表  1  钝缀锦蛤稚贝在不同温度48 h、96 h、144 h和192 h下的相对存活率

    Tab.  1  Relative survival rate of Tapes dorsatus juveniles at different temperatures for 48 h, 96 h, 144 h and 192 h

    温度/℃相对存活率/%
    48 h96 h144 h192 h
    40±0c0±0c0±0c0±0d
    697.78±3.85a19.08±3.69bc0±0c0±0d
    898.89±1.92a57.76±6.34b0±0c0±0d
    10100.00±0a98.89±1.92a97.78±1.92a84.37±5.82b
    26(对照)100.00±0a100.00±0a100.00±0a100.00±0a
    3398.89±1.92a97.74±1.96a87.6±25.15b71.84±5.72bc
    3498.89±1.92a91.00±2.03a83.2±25.58b67.51±7.96c
    3589.89±3.34b32.68±9.04b6.78±3.51C0±0d
    360±0c0±0c0±0c0±0d
      注:上标不同小写字母表示各组之间差异显著(p<0.05)。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  钝缀锦蛤稚贝在不同盐度48 h、96 h、144 h和192 h下的相对存活率

    Tab.  2  Relative survival rate of juveniles Tapes dorsatus at different salinities for 48 h, 96 h, 144 h and 192 h

    盐度相对存活率/%
    48 h96 h144 h192 h
    13.010.00±8.82d0±0e0±0e0±0e
    15.682.22±10.72c40.00±8.82d12.22±3.85e3.33±1.92e
    18.298.89±1.92a97.78±1.92a96.67±3.33a95.56±1.96a
    20.898.89±1.92a97.78±1.92a97.78±1.92a96.67±0a
    23.498.89±1.92a96.67±3.34ab95.56±1.92a94.44±1.92a
    26.0100.00±0a98.89±1.92a98.89±1.92a96.67±3.33a
    28.6100.00±0a100.00±0a98.89±1.92a97.78±1.92a
    31.2100.00±0a100.00±0a100.00±0a100.00±0a
    32.6(对照)100.00±0a100.00±0a100.00±0a100.00±0a
    33.8100.00±0a98.89±1.92a98.89±1.92a97.78±3.85a
    36.498.89±1.92a97.78±1.92a97.78±1.92a97.78±1.92a
    39.096.67±0ab94.44±1.93ab92.22±1.92ab92.22±1.92a
    41.6100.00±0a100.00±0a96.67±0a91.11±1.92a
    44.292.22±3.85abc80.00±3.33b80.00±3.33b76.67±0b
    46.883.33±3.34c66.67±10.00c65.56±8.38c64.44±10.18b
    49.485.56±5.09bc62.22±10.72c54.44±8.39c45.56±6.94c
    52.083.33±3.34c42.22±6.94d37.78±10.72d17.78±8.39d
      注:上标不同小写字母表示各组之间差异显著(p<0.05)。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-07-22
  • 修回日期:  2022-01-03
  • 刊出日期:  2022-04-14

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