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安达曼海东部凹陷渐新世以来断裂–构造演化特征及其成因探讨

闫恒 栾锡武 李振春 叶传红 魏新元 贺华瑞

闫恒,栾锡武,李振春,等. 安达曼海东部凹陷渐新世以来断裂–构造演化特征及其成因探讨[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(9):87–99 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022067
引用本文: 闫恒,栾锡武,李振春,等. 安达曼海东部凹陷渐新世以来断裂–构造演化特征及其成因探讨[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(9):87–99 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022067
Yan Heng,Luan Xiwu,Li Zhenchun, et al. Evolution characteristics and genesis of fault-structure in the eastern Andaman Sea depression since the Oligocene[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(9):87–99 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022067
Citation: Yan Heng,Luan Xiwu,Li Zhenchun, et al. Evolution characteristics and genesis of fault-structure in the eastern Andaman Sea depression since the Oligocene[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(9):87–99 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022067

安达曼海东部凹陷渐新世以来断裂–构造演化特征及其成因探讨

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022067
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(92055211);中国–东盟海洋地震数据平台与研究中心建设项目(12120100500017001)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    闫恒(1997-),男,安徽省阜阳市人,主要从事海洋地球物理勘探研究工作。E-mail: 1002941347@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    栾锡武(1966-),男,山东省青岛市人,教授,主要从事海洋地质地球物理研究。E-mail:xluan@sdust.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P618.13

Evolution characteristics and genesis of fault-structure in the eastern Andaman Sea depression since the Oligocene

  • 摘要: 本文研究内容为印度洋东北部边缘海安达曼海的构造演化。利用安达曼海域东部大范围二维地震数据资料及钻井数据,结合区域地质概况以及前人研究成果,选取8条具有代表性的断层并将其划分为一级和二级断裂,运用生长指数法和古落差法对断层进行定量分析,再通过计算安达曼海东部凹陷4条主测线的构造沉降量,探讨构造演化过程。结果表明:选取的生长断层中3条属于一级断裂,跨度大,几乎切穿整个地层,属于控制安达曼海域地区沉降的大断裂;另外5条属于二级断裂,控制构造带的展布情况,属于构造带的分界线。渐新世时期,印度–澳大利亚板块与欧亚板块之间处于软碰撞阶段,断层发育缓慢,上下盘落差较小,生长指数与构造沉降量也处于低值;中新世时期,板块之间的耦合效应不断增强,断层发育速度加快,此时上下盘厚度最大,是形成多处断裂带以及多种断裂样式的关键时期,各地层生长指数和构造沉降量也达到峰值。上新世至今,安达曼海沟–弧–盆体系逐渐稳定,断层活动减弱,断裂上下盘厚度差基本一致,生长指数差异较小,构造沉降量基本稳定在 1 km 左右。
  • 图  1  安达曼海构造单元划分(据文献[56]修改)

    Fig.  1  Division of tectonic units in the Andaman Sea (modified from references [56])

    图  2  安达曼海地层沉积柱状图(据文献[1, 5, 8]修改)

    Fig.  2  Stratigraphic and sedimentary bars of the Andaman Sea (modified from references [1, 5, 8])

    图  3  研究区测线分布(据文献[6]修改)

    Fig.  3  Survey lines distribution in the study area (modified from reference [6])

    图  4  断层(F1–F8)二维分布(位置见图3)

    Fig.  4  Typical faults (F1–F8) are distributed in two dimensions (the location is shown in Fig. 3)

    图  5  断裂组合样式(具体位置见图4)

    Fig.  5  Fault assemblage pattern (the location is shown in Fig. 4)

    图  6  F1–F8断层生长指数和落差分析

    Fig.  6  F1−F8 fault growth index and drop analysis

    图  7  过M1507-03测线地震剖面图

    Fig.  7  Seismic section through line M1507-03

    图  8  过M1507-15测线地震剖面图

    Fig.  8  Seismic section through line M1507-15

    图  9  典型剖面构造沉降量

    图中不同颜色折线代表每隔10 km提取一道层位信息

    Fig.  9  Tectonic settlement amount of typical section

    The broken lines with different colors in the figure represent a layer information extracted every 10 km

    图  10  安达曼海构造演化过程(据文献[26, 30]修改)

    Fig.  10  Tectonic evolution of the Andaman Sea (modified from references [26, 30])

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-11-18
  • 修回日期:  2022-02-09
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-04-27
  • 刊出日期:  2022-08-29

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