海南岛崖州湾表层沉积物空间分布特征及其受控机制

瞿洪宝; 苟鹏飞; 孙龙飞; 刘刚; 韩孝辉; 龙根元

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021171

海南岛崖州湾表层沉积物空间分布特征及其受控机制

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021171

瞿洪宝^{1, 2,},
苟鹏飞^{1, 2, ,},
孙龙飞^{1, 2},
刘刚^{1, 2},
韩孝辉^{1, 2},
龙根元^{1, 2}

1.
海南省海洋地质资源与环境重点实验室，海南海口 570206
2.
海南省海洋地质调查研究院，海南海口 570206

基金项目: 2019年海南省基础与应用基础研究计划（自然科学领域）高层次人才项目（2019RC350）；海南省科协青年科技英才创新计划（QCXM202008）；海南省海洋地质资源与环境重点实验室自主课题（ZZ[2020]2019256-01）

详细信息

作者简介:
瞿洪宝（1988-），男，贵州省铜仁市人，主要从事海洋地质调查与研究工作。E-mail：yaobkj@126.com

通讯作者:
苟鹏飞（1984-），男，高级工程师，研究方向为海洋工程与海洋环境。E-mail：Goupeng-fei@163.com

中图分类号: P736.21
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- 文章访问数: 661
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-10
- 修回日期: 2020-11-13
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-12
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-30

Spatial distribution and its controlling mechanism of surface sediments in the Yazhou Bay, Hainan Island

Qu Hongbao^{1, 2
,},
Gou Pengfei^{1, 2
, ,},
Sun Longfei^{1, 2},
Liu Gang^{1, 2},
Han Xiaohui^{1, 2},
Long Genyuan^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Resources and Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou 570206, China
2.
Marine Geological Survey Institute of Hainan Province, Haikou 570206, China

摘要

摘要: 基于崖州湾海域141个表层沉积物粒度分析数据，研究表层沉积物的粒级组分、粒度参数及其沉积动力环境特征。结果表明，研究区底质类型主要有泥质砂质砾、砾质泥质砂、砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂和粉砂6种，砂质粉砂分布最为广泛；粒径总体趋势表现为自北向南由细变粗再变细的NEE条带状分布特征，分选系数总体偏高，反映了该区复杂的物源和水动力条件。运用Flemming三角图式，结合粒度象、研究区物源、水动力条件及地形特征，将研究区划分为3个沉积环境：近岸主要受控于波浪掀沙和搬运作用，粒径较细，表现为波控沉积特征；中部主要受控于径流、波浪和潮流共同作用，粒径粗，分选差，表现为河口沉积特征；南部主要受控于潮流输沙作用，波浪作用减弱，粒径细，分选相对较好，表现为相对低能的沉积环境。沉积物输移趋势分析显示研究区中西部为一沉积物汇聚中心，近岸侵蚀物质、宁远河输运物质以及外海潮流输运物质均向该处运移。
- 崖州湾 /
- 表层沉积物 /
- 粒度特征 /
- 沉积环境 /
- 控制因素
Abstract: Based on the 141 surface sediments collected from the Yazhou Bay, Hainan Island, the distribution characteristics of grain size components, grain size parameters and sediment types were analyzed. The results indicate that the samples can be classified into 6 types as argillaceous arenaceous gravel, gravelly argillaceous sand, sand, silty sand, arenaceous silt and silt in the study area. In particular, the arenaceous silt is most widely distributed. The grain size diameters increase and then decrease, showing a banding distribution from north to south. The separation coefficient is generally high, which indicates the complex sediment sources and hydrodynamic conditions in this area. Base on Flemming ternary diagram, combined with sediment sources, hydrodynamic conditions and topographic features, the study area is divided into three sedimentary districts from north to south: the nearshore zone which showing the characteristics of wave-controlled deposition is mostly impacted by wave winnowing and transport, and the grain size is relatively small; the central Yazhou Bay zone is a high-energy coarse grained sand area, mainly controlled by the combined action of runoff, wave and tidal current; relatively, the southern zone is mainly affected by tidal current load, where the wave action is weakened, the sediment is the finest and deposited in a lower energy environment. In addition, the analysis of sediment transport trend shows that the midwest part of the study area is a depositional center, the silt of coastal erosion, Ningyuan River and offshore tidal current transport are carried to this area.
- Yazhou Bay /
- surface sediments /
- grain-size characteristics /
- sedimentary environment /
- controlling mechanism

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图 1 研究区概况及沉积物取样位置

Fig. 1 Sketch map of the study area and location of sediment sampling

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图 2 研究区沉积物类型分布

Fig. 2 Distribution of sediment types in the study area

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图 3 崖州湾海域各沉积物类型粒级组分与粒度参数（平均值）

Fig. 3 Grain-size components and grain-size parameters (mean) of each sediment type in the Yazhou Bay

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图 4 研究区表层沉积物粒级组分百分含量平面分布

Fig. 4 Plane distribution of different particle-size fractions content percent of the surface sediments in the study area

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图 5 研究区表层沉积物粒度参数平面分布

Fig. 5 Plane distribution of grain size parameters of the surface sediments in the study area

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图 6 崖州湾海域沉积物三角图式

Fig. 6 The ternary diagram of sediments in the Yazhou Bay

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图 7 崖州湾海域沉积环境分区

Fig. 7 Deposition district in the Yazhou Bay

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图 8 崖州湾海域各沉积环境分区沉积物三角图式

a.崖州湾近岸；b.崖州湾中部；c.南山港岸外海滨

Fig. 8 Ternary diagrams of different deposition division in the Yazhou Bay

a. The nearshore zone of Yazhou Bay; b. the central Yazhou Bay zone; c. the Nanshan port littoral zone

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图 9 崖州湾海域表层沉积物C–M图

Fig. 9 The relationship between C and M of the surface sediments in the Yazhou Bay

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图 10 崖州湾海域表层沉积物粒度结构散点图

Fig. 10 Grain size scatter diagram of the surface sediments in the Yazhou Bay

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图 11 研究区沉积物输运趋势

a. 特征距离为4 km；b. 特征距离为5.66 km

Fig. 11 Grain size net trend of the surface sediments in the study area

a. Characteristic distance of 4 km; b. characteristic distance of 5.66 km

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表 1 粒度参数定性描述

Tab. 1 Qualitative description of grain size parameters

标准偏差		偏度		峰度
分选极好	<0.35	极负偏	–1～–0.3	很平坦	<0.67
分选好	0.35～0.50	负偏	–0.3～–0.1	平坦	0.67～0.90
分选较好	0.50～0.71	近对称	–0.1～0.1	中等	0.90～1.11
分选中等	0.71～1.00	正偏	+0.1～0.3	尖锐	1.11～1.56
分选较差	1.00～2.00	极正偏	>0.3	很尖锐	1.56～3.00
分选差	2.00～4.00			非常尖锐	>3.00
分选极差	>4.00

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