基于中国第6～9次北极科学考察观测的季节冰区边界层逆温变化特征分析

田忠翔; 陈志昆; 李志强; 孙虎林; 宋晓姜; 赵福

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021149

基于中国第6～9次北极科学考察观测的季节冰区边界层逆温变化特征分析

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021149

1.
中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院，山东青岛 266100
2.
国家海洋环境预报中心，北京 100081

基金项目: 国家重点研究计划课题（2018YFA0605902）；国家自然科学基金（41706223）

详细信息

作者简介:
田忠翔（1986-），男，山东省成武县人，主要从事极地海冰和大气研究。E-mail：tianzx@nmefc.cn

中图分类号: P732
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-14
- 修回日期: 2021-06-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-25

Analysis on the variation characteristics of boundary layer temperature inversions over the seasonal ice zone of the Arctic based on the observation during the 6th to 9th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition

1.
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
2.
National Marine Environment Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 利用我国第6～9次北极科学考察期间获取的大气探空资料，分析了北极季节冰区边界层逆温的时空变化特征及其成因。分析发现：(1)边界层逆温具有较强的年际变化和空间变化，高纬度密集冰区观测到更多的强逆温现象，逆温厚度与逆温层温差呈显著的对数关系；(2)不同年份边界层逆温的主要成因有所差别：海冰分布的差异导致不同年份的边界层逆温特征不同；表面融化、辐射冷却、多层云的结构和暖平流对不同冰情年份边界层逆温的贡献程度不同；(3)开阔水域和冰区边界层逆温的成因不同。表面融化和空气平流对冰区边界层逆温的形成起着非常重要的作用，而辐射冷却是开阔水域边界层逆温的主要成因之一。
- 北极 /
- 季节冰区 /
- 夏季 /
- 边界层逆温 /
- 时空变化
Abstract: The GPS radiosonde data obtained during the 6th to 9th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition was used to analyze the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of boundary layer temperature inversions over the seasonal ice zone in Arctic. The results show that: (1) There were strong interannual and spatial changes in the temperature inversions. There were more strong inversions over the pack ice zone at high latitude. And the thickness of inversions and the temperature change through the inversions had a significant logarithmic relationship. (2) The main factors controlling inversion properties were various in different years. The differences in sea ice cover leaded to different characteristics of inversions. Surface melt, radiative cooling, multi-layer cloud and warm-air advection provided different degrees of contribution to inversions in different years. (3) There were different reasons over the open water and sea ice zone. Both surface melt and warm-air advection played a very important role in the formation of inversions in sea ice zone. However, radiative cooling was one of the main factors in the generation of inversions over the open water.
- Arctic /
- seasonal ice zone /
- summer /
- boundary layer temperature inversion /
- temporal and spatial variation

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图 1 我国第6～9次北极科学考察在70°～80°N，140°W～180°探空观测初始位置

Fig. 1 The initial position of radiosonde observations in the area of 70°～80°N，140°W～180° during 6th to 9th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE)

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图 2 2014−2018年边界层逆温各参数统计

Fig. 2 The statistics of the boundary layer temperature inversions from 2014 to 2018

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图 3 2014年（a）、2016年（b）、2017年（c）、2018年（d）观测期间3 km以下温度垂直梯度时间剖面和对应纬度

Fig. 3 Time series of the temperature lapse rate below 3 km and the corresponding latitude during the observation period in 2014 (a), 2016 (b), 2017 (c), and 2018 (d)

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图 4 2014年（a）、2016年（b）、2017年（c）和2018年（d）逆温厚度和逆温层温差的关系

Fig. 4 The relationship between the temperature inversion depth and the temperature change in the inversion layer in 2014 (a), 2016 (b), 2017 (c) and 2018 (d)

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图 5 观测期间平均海冰密集度

a. 2014年7月31日至8月16日、8月28日至9月8日；b. 2016年7月25日至8月3日、8月17日至9月2日；c. 2017年8月1日至8月5日；d. 2018年7月31日至8月11日、8月28日至9月4日，黑色圆点为探空初始位置

Fig. 5 The average sea ice concentration during the observation period

a. 31 July to 16 August and 28 August to 8 September 2014; b. 25 July to 3 August and 17 August to 2 September 2016; c. 1 August to 5 August 2017, d. 31 July to 11 August and 28 August to 4 September 2018, respectively. The black dots represent the initial position of the observation

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图 6 2014−2017年观测期间950 hPa高度和2018年观测期间925 hPa高度平均温度平流

Fig. 6 The average temperature advection at 950 hPa in 2014−2017 and at 925 hPa in 2018 during the observation period

a. 31 July to 16 August and 28 August to 8 September 2014; b. 25 July to 3 August and 17 August to 2 September 2016; c. 1 August to 5 August 2017; d. 31 July to 11 August and 28 August to 4 September 2018, respectively. The black dots represent the initial position of the observation

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图 7 观测期间地面平均净长波辐射通量

Fig. 7 The mean surface net long wave radiation flux during the observation period

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图 8 观测期间平均低云云量（填色）和云底高度（蓝色实线）分布

a. 2014年7月31日至8月16日、8月28日至9月8日；b. 2016年7月25日至8月3日、8月17日至9月2日；c. 2017年8月1日至8月5日；d. 2018年7月31日至8月11日、8月28日至9月4日，黄色圆点为探空初始位置

Fig. 8 The average cloud cover (shaded) and cloud base height (blue contour) during the observation period

a. 31 July to 16 August and 28 August to 8 September 2014; b. 25 July to 3 August and 17 August to 2 September 2016; c. 1 August to 5 August 2017; d. 31 July to 11 August and 28 August to 4 September 2018, respectively. The yellow dots represent the initial position of the observation

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表 1 北极夏季最强边界层逆温参数与前人8月份的观测结果对比

Tab. 1 The comparison of the strongest boundary layer temperature inversion in summer in the Arctic with the previous studies in August

观测航次	研究区域	z_b/m	Δz/m	ΔT/℃
中国第6～9次北极科考	北极太平洋扇区	264	382	4.8
SHEBA 1998^[5]	北极太平洋扇区	302	288	2.9
Tara 2007^[10]	北极中心区	123	377	3.4
AOE 2001^[23]	北极中心区	200	400	3.0
NP漂流站，1981–1987^[6]	北极中心区	317	483	2.8

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