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GPM微波成像仪资料同化对台风“麦德姆”路径预报的影响研究

沈菲菲 闵锦忠 李泓 许冬梅 邢建勇 束艾青 宋丽欣

沈菲菲,闵锦忠,李泓,等. GPM微波成像仪资料同化对台风“麦德姆”路径预报的影响研究[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(10):124–136 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021121
引用本文: 沈菲菲,闵锦忠,李泓,等. GPM微波成像仪资料同化对台风“麦德姆”路径预报的影响研究[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(10):124–136 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021121
Shen Feifei,Min Jinzhong,Li Hong, et al. Effect of data assimilation of GPM microwave imager on the track forecast of Typhoon Matmo[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(10):124–136 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021121
Citation: Shen Feifei,Min Jinzhong,Li Hong, et al. Effect of data assimilation of GPM microwave imager on the track forecast of Typhoon Matmo[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(10):124–136 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021121

GPM微波成像仪资料同化对台风“麦德姆”路径预报的影响研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021121
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划 (2016YFC1401008);国家自然科学基金 (G41805016,G41805070);上海台风基金项目(TFJJ202107);上海市优秀学术/技术带头人计划 (21XD1404500);高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室开放研究基金 (SZKT201901,SZKT201904);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所和东北冷涡研究重点开放实验室联合开放基金(2020SYIAE02, 2020SYIAE07)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    沈菲菲(1984-),男,副教授,主要从事中小尺度数值模拟与资料同化研究。E-mail:ffshen@nuist.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    许冬梅(1984-),女,讲师,博士,主要从事卫星资料同化和云参数反演研究。E-mail:dmxu@nuist.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P457.8

Effect of data assimilation of GPM microwave imager on the track forecast of Typhoon Matmo

  • 摘要: 基于中尺度数值模式WRF及其三维变分同化系统,自主构建了新的探测仪器GMI(Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager)的同化模块。本文以2014年太平洋台风季中台风“麦德姆”为例,实现了GMI资料在登陆台风中的有效应用。试验结果表明:晴空条件下GMI资料同化能够对模式背景场中的台风位置进行有效修正。与没有同化该资料的控制试验相比,同化GMI微波成像仪资料可以有效改进台风暖心结构的分析,同时使得台风涡旋环流结构增强,并进而提高了对台风路径的预报水平。
  • 图  1  2014年台风“麦德姆”路径

    Fig.  1  The track of typhoon Matmo in 2014

    图  2  2014年7月21日16时模式模拟区域的GTS观测资料水平分布

    图右侧为观测资料名称和个观测资料的数目

    Fig.  2  The distribution of GTS observations in the simulation domain at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    The name and the counts of observations are listed on the right

    图  3  2014年7月21日16时GMI通道6的观测亮温(a),背景场亮温(b)和分析场亮温(c)

    Fig.  3  The brightness temperature from the observation (a), the simulation with the background (b), and the simulation with the analysis (c) for GMI channel 6 at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  4  2014年7月21日16时GMI通道6偏差订正前观测亮温减去背景亮温(a),偏差订正后观测亮温减去背景亮温(b)和偏差订正后观测亮温减去分析亮温(c)

    红色台风符号为该时刻的台风最佳观测

    Fig.  4  The observed minus the simulated brightness temperature with the background before the bias correction (a), after the bias correction (b), and the observed minus the simulated brightness temperature with the analysis (c) for GMI channel 6 at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    The red typhoon symbol is the best track location of the typhoon at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  5  2014年7月21日16时GMI通道6偏差订正前观测与背景模拟亮温(a),偏差订正后观测与背景模拟亮温(b)和观测与分析模拟亮温(c)的散点分布

    Fig.  5  The scatters of the observed and the simulated brightness temperature with the background before the bias correction (a), after the bias correction (b), and the observed and the simulated brightness temperature with the analysis (c) for GMI channel 6 at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  6  2014年7月21日16时对应观测和模式的差异均值及标准差 (13个通道只给出同化的3个同化结果),其中OMB_nb:同化前未经偏差订正;OMB_wb:同化前经偏差订正;OMA:同化后

    Fig.  6  The mean and standard deviation of the observed minus the simulated brightness temperature with the background before the bias correction (OMB_nb), after the bias correction (OMB_wb), and with the analysis (OMA) for GMI 3 channels assimilated at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014 for the 3 assimilated channels of the total 13 channels

    图  7  2014年7月21日16时控制试验500 hPa位势高度(等值线)(a),同化试验500 hPa位势高度(等值线)(b)和500 hPa位势高度增量(等值线和阴影)(c)。图中红色台风符号为台风观测位置

    Fig.  7  The 500 hPa geopotential height (contours) for the control experiment (a), the 500 hPa geopotential height (contours) for the assimilation experiment (b), and geopotential height analysis increment (contours and shaded) (c) at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014. The red typhoon symbol is the best track location of the typhoon

    图  8  2014年7月21日16时500 hPa高度场和温度距平控制试验(a),同化试验(b),同化试验和控制试验差场(c)。图中蓝色台风符号为台风观测位置

    Fig.  8  The geopotential height and the temperature anomaly at 500 hPa for the control experiment (a), the assimilation experiment (b), the difference between the assimilation experiment and control experiment (c). The blue typhoon symbol is the best track location of the typhoon at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  9  2014年7月21日16时850 hPa温度增量。图中黑色台风符号为台风观测位置

    Fig.  9  The 850 hPa temperature increments at 16:00 UTC July 21, 2014. The black typhoon symbol represent the observed location of typhoon

    图  10  2014年7月21日16时海平面气压(等直线,单位hPa)和近地面风速(矢量箭头,单位:m/s)控制试验(a),同化试验(b)和同化试验和控制试验差场(c)

    Fig.  10  The sea level pressure (counters, unit: hPa) and surface wind speed (arrow, unit: m/s) for the control experiment (a), the assimilation experiment (b), and the difference between the assimilation experiment and control experiment (c) at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  11  2014年7月21日16时近海平面风场(流线和阴影)控制试验(a),同化试验(b)和同化试验和控制试验差场(c)

    Fig.  11  The surface wind(stream and shaded)for the control experiment (a), the assimilation experiment (b), and the difference between the assimilation experiment and control experiment (c) at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  12  2014年7月21日16时经过台风中心风速垂直剖面控制试验(a)和同化试验(b)

    Fig.  12  Vertical cross sections of analyzed horizontal wind speed for control experiment (a) and the assimilation experiment (b) at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  13  2014年7月21日16时温度距平(单位:K)垂直剖面控制试验(a)和同化试验(b)

    Fig.  13  Vertical cross sections of analyzed temperature anomalies (unit: K) for control experiment (a) and the assimilation experiment (b) at 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    图  14  2014年7月23日12时500 hPa高度场(阴影)和风场(矢量)控制试验(a)和同化试验(b)

    Fig.  14  The geopotential height (shaded) and wind (vectors) at 500 hPa at 12:00 UTC on July 23, 2014, control experiment (a) and the assimilation experiment (b)

    图  15  2014年7月21日16时起始的72 h预报路径(a)和预报路径误差(b)

    Fig.  15  The 72-hour predicted tracks (a) and track errors (b) initialized from 16:00 UTC on July 21, 2014

    表  1  全球卫星降水计划微波成像仪传感器特性

    Tab.  1  Global precipitatior measurement microwave imager sensor characteristics

    通道频率/GHz偏振方式扫描点/km
    1, 210.65V, H19.4×32.2
    3, 418.7V, H11.2×18.3
    523.8V9.2×15.0
    6, 736.5V, H8.6×15.0
    8, 989.0V, H4.4×7.3
    10, 11166V, H4.4×7.3
    12183±3V4.4×7.3
    13183±7V4.4×7.3
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  全球卫星降水计划微波成像仪通道5,6,7的观测误差、云中液态水路径值和观测残差检验阀值

    Tab.  2  The observation errors of channel 5, 6, 7 from global precipitation measurement microwave imager, cloud liquid water path check and quality control thresholds for absolute innovation

    通道观测误差CLWP剔除标准观测残差标准
    51.600.258
    61.180.106
    72.670.106
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-04-30
  • 修回日期:  2019-11-23
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-05-24
  • 刊出日期:  2021-10-30

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