浮冰界面融化速率参数化方案的实验室研究

李志军; 王智群; 王庆凯; 解飞; 卢鹏

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021115

浮冰界面融化速率参数化方案的实验室研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021115

李志军^1,,
王智群¹,
王庆凯¹,
解飞¹,
卢鹏^1, ,

大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室，辽宁大连 116024

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0605901)；国家自然科学基金(41922045，41906198，41876213)；中央高校基本科研业务费(DUT20GJ206，DUT19LAB08)

详细信息

作者简介:
李志军(1960-)，男，河北省崇礼县人，教授，主要从事冰物理和力学性质研究。E-mail：lizhijun@dlut.edu.cn

通讯作者:
卢鹏(1981-)，男，教授，主要从事海冰物理行为研究。E-mail: lupeng@dlut.edu.cn

中图分类号: P731.15
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-19
- 修回日期: 2021-04-03
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-27
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-25

Laboratory study on parameterization of ice floe melt rate at ice-air and ice-water interfaces

State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

摘要

摘要: 融冰季节时天然浮冰表面、底面和侧向融化共存，三者融化速率是底面大于侧向，侧向大于表面。而且浮冰尺寸越小，侧向速率占比越高。为了解决将小尺度浮冰块尺度指标计入融化参数化方案，在低温环境实验室无辐射、无流速、控制气温和水温条件下对天然海冰和人工冻结淡水冰的圆盘试样，开展了不同初始水温和不同初始直径的圆盘试样融化过程实验，获得了圆盘试样直径、厚度和质量融化过程。依据这些实验数据，构建试样直径厚度比这一新指标，通过物理分析和数学统计手段，建立了海冰和淡水冰试样表面、底面融化速率同温度梯度，侧向融化速率和温差以及直径厚度比的关系式。这些关系式能够应用于天然直径100 m范围内浮冰的融化参数化方案，期望能解决北冰洋海冰和入海口近岸淡水冰夏季融化季节能量和质量平衡数值模拟的需求。
- 北极海冰 /
- 侧向融化 /
- 参数化 /
- 实验研究
Abstract: During the ice melting season, the surface, bottom and lateral melting of natural ice floes coexist, and the melting rate of the three is that the melting rate of the bottom is greater than the lateral, and the lateral is greater than the surface. And the smaller the ice floe size, the higher the proportion of lateral velocity. In order to solve the problem of including the small-scale ice floe scale indicators into the melting parameterization plan, in the low-temperature environment laboratory without radiation, no flow rate, controlled air temperature and water temperature, the disk samples of natural sea ice and artificially frozen fresh water ice were carried out. Experiments on the melting process of disc samples with different initial water temperatures and different initial diameters were carried out. Obtain the disc sample diameter, thickness and mass melting process. Based on these experimental data, a new indicator of sample diameter-to-thickness ratio was constructed. Through physical analysis and mathematical statistics, the melting rate of the surface and bottom surface of the sea ice and freshwater ice sample was established with the temperature gradient, the lateral melting rate, temperature difference, and diameter. The relationship between the thickness ratio. These relationships can be applied to the melting parameterization scheme of floating ice within a natural diameter range of 100 m. It is expected to solve the demand for numerical simulation of the energy and mass balance of the summer melting season of Arctic sea ice and coastal freshwater ice at the sea estuary.
- Arctic sea ice /
- lateral melting /
- parameterization /
- laboratory study

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图 1 冰间水道侧向融化物理过程

Fig. 1 Lateral melt physical process between leads

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 浮冰块融化的表面、底面、侧面热量平衡

Fig. 2 Thermal balance between the ice-air on surface, ice-water on bottom and lateral surface of a floe

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图 3 实验室装置系统的正面（a），侧面（b）和俯视（c）示意图

Fig. 3 The schematic of laboratory equipment system of front view (a), side view (b) and top view (c)

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图 4 海冰（a）和淡水冰（b）圆盘试样冰内部晶体

Fig. 4 The inner crystals of ice speciments of sea ice from Yellow Sea (a) and artificial fresh water ice (b)

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图 5 2021年1月19日设计水温为1℃的海冰圆盘试样实验的气温(a)和水温(b)变化过程

Fig. 5 The air (a) and water temperature (b) variation processes of the tested specimens of sea ice at designed preliminary water temperature of 1.0℃ on January 19, 2021

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图 6 初始直径120 mm 圆盘试样侧向融化外形(2020年9月20日 08:46)

Fig. 6 The lateral shape of a melted ice specimen of preliminary diameter of 120 mm (08:46, September 20, 2020)

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图 7 设计初始水温为1.0℃海冰圆盘试样实验的直径（a）、厚度（b）、质量（c）变化过程

Fig. 7 The variation processes of diameters (a), thicknesses (b) and masses (c) of the tested specimens of sea ice at designed preliminary water temperature of 1.0℃

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图 8 海冰（a）和淡水冰（b）圆盘浮冰表面融化速率同温度梯度的拟合关系

Fig. 8 The statistical relations between surface melting rate and temperature gradient in specimens of sea ice (a) and freshwater ice (b)

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图 9 海冰（a）和淡水冰（b）圆盘浮冰底面融化速率同温度梯度的拟合关系

Fig. 9 The statistical relations between bottom melting rate and temperature gradient in specimens of sea ice (a) and freshwater ice (b)

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图 10 侧向融化速率与海冰（a）和淡水冰（b）浮冰圆盘试样侧边水体温差和直径厚度比的统计关系

Fig. 10 The statistical relations between lateral melting rate and temperature difference, ratio of diameter and thickness of specimens of sea ice (a) and freshwater ice (b)

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表 1 各试样实验前初始尺寸参数

Tab. 1 Preliminary parameters of ice specimens

参数	海冰					淡水冰
参数	1	2	3	4	5	1	2	3	4	5
设计初始水温/ ℃	–0.5	–0.5	–0.5	–0.5	–0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
初始平均直径/mm	68.94	92.95	124.51	154.45	185.85	68.16	90.91	119.96	154.84	191.90
初始厚度/mm	32.59	34.48	35.95	35.54	34.47	30.85	30.66	30.73	30.22	30.87
设计初始水温/ ℃	0	0	0	0	0	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
初始平均直径/mm	69.41	88.61	122.77	154.15	191.62	67.86	89.43	119.08	153.19	192.50
初始厚度/mm	36.64	36.67	35.69	31.69	36.77	31.00	31.19	30.30	29.60	31.23
设计初始水温/ ℃	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
初始平均直径/mm	68.77	97.42	122.98	154.53	194.45	67.45	90.42	118.91	153.01	191.00
初始厚度/mm	31.92	41.90	36.03	36.11	39.48	30.91	30.40	30.59	30.57	31.47
设计初始水温/ ℃	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
初始平均直径/mm	69.64	88.08	124.36	152.82	193.82	67.61	89.52	120.03	153.19	191.03
初始厚度/mm	38.82	37.27	35.66	40.46	38.05	30.89	30.21	30.46	30.90	30.57
设计初始水温/ ℃	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
初始平均直径/mm	66.95	94.93	126.87	155.86	193.29
初始厚度/mm	28.78	32.86	35.29	32.54	34.07

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