苏北辐射沙洲岸滩沉积物元素地球化学记录的百年尺度环境变化

赵一飞; 徐敏; 刘晴; 舒强; 王平

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021098

苏北辐射沙洲岸滩沉积物元素地球化学记录的百年尺度环境变化

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021098

赵一飞^1,,
徐敏^1, ,,
刘晴¹,
舒强¹,
王平²

1.
南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院，江苏南京 210023
2.
南京师范大学地理科学学院，江苏南京 210023

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41801005，41671195）；江苏省海洋科技创新专项（JSZRHYKJ202002）；江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目（19KJA180004）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵一飞（1988—），男，甘肃省庆阳市人，博士，主要从事海岸带陆海相互作用研究。E-mail：yfzhao@njnu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
徐敏（1971—），女，江苏省江阴市人，教授，博士，主要从事海岸带资源与环境研究。E-mail：xumin0895@vip.sina.com

中图分类号: P736
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-02
- 修回日期: 2020-08-18
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-25

Centennial scale environmental changes in the elemental geochemistry of tidal flat sediments in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

Zhao Yifei^1
,,
Xu Min^{1
, ,},
Liu Qing¹,
Shu Qiang¹,
Wang Ping²

1.
School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
2.
School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China

摘要

摘要: 苏北辐射沙洲是分布于江苏岸外的典型沉积堆积体，受长江、黄河泥沙供给和近岸潮流动力的共同影响，发育了典型的粉砂淤泥质潮滩，沉积物元素可以记录潮滩环境变化的重要信息。在辐射沙洲岸滩采集了3个短柱沉积物岩芯，建立可靠的年代框架，采用高分辨率XRF元素扫描仪进行地球化学元素测试，选用XRF信号强度高的14种元素进行聚类和相关性方法提取环境信息，研究过去百年尺度人类活动和海岸环境变化下的苏北辐射沙洲岸滩沉积环境变化。结果表明，该区典型潮滩剖面岩芯沉积物中Si、Ca、As和Fe元素相对含量较高，且自北向南其含量不断增加，Mn、Ba、Cu和Zn元素含量较低，在所有剖面含量变化不大。在垂向上，Si、Ca和Fe元素变化趋势一致，而Ni、Zn和S元素在不同柱状岩芯中呈现与Si、Ca和Fe相反的变化趋势。相关关系和聚类分析显示，Si、Ca和Fe元素之间具有较高的相关性，即具有近似的地球化学行为和一致的物质来源；与元素Ni、Cu和Zn呈负相关，暗示了这几种元素与前者具有不同的地球化学行为。苏北辐射沙洲潮滩沉积物沉积环境发生了明显变化且在不同区域呈现不同的变化规律，物质来源、水动力环境、人类活动等因素是导致沉积环境变化的主要原因。
- 潮滩 /
- 沉积物 /
- 元素地球化学 /
- XRF /
- 苏北辐射沙洲
Abstract: The radial sand ridges is a typical sedimentary accumulation body distributed off the coast of Jiangsu Province. Under the influence of the sediment supply of the Changjiang River and the Huanghe River as well as the coastal tidal current, the typical silty-muddy tidal flats are developed, and the sediment elements can record the important information of the environmental changes of the tidal flats. Three short core samples were collected in the tidal flat of radial sand ridges to establish a reliable chronological framework and geochemical element testing, and 14 elements with high X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanner analysis signal strength were selected for clustering and correlation method to extract environmental information. The sedimentary environment changes of the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges under the influence of human activities and coastal environment changes in the past 100 years were studied. The results indicate that the contents of Si, Ca and Fe in the core sediments of typical tidal flat profile in this area are relatively high, and the contents of Si, Ca and Fe increasing from north to south, while the contents of Mn, Ba, Cu and Zn are low, and the little changes in contents at all profiles changes. In terms of vertical change, Si, Ca and Fe have the same vertical change trend, while Ni, Zn and S have the opposite change trend with Si, Ca and Fe in different sediment cores. Correlation and clustering analysis show that Si, Ca and Fe have high correlation, that is, they have similar geochemical behavior and consistent material source. In addition, it is negatively correlated with elements Ni, Cu and Zn, suggesting that these elements have different geochemical behaviors with the former. The sedimentary environment changes of the tidal flat are obvious and show different patterns in different regions in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges, and the material source, hydrodynamic environment and human activities are the main reasons leading to the change of the sedimentary environment.
- tidal flats /
- sediment /
- element geochemistry /
- X-ray fluorescence /
- northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

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图 1 研究区及其采样位置

YSCW：黄海冷水；YSWC：黄海暖流；YSCC：黄海沿岸流；CDW：长江冲淡水；红色圆点为采样点

Fig. 1 The study area and sampling location

YSCW: Yellow Sea Cold Water; YSWC: Yellow Sea Warm Current; YSCC: Yellow Sea Coastal Current; CDW: Changjiang Diluted Water; the red point is sampling location

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图 2 苏北辐射沙洲潮滩沉积物岩芯剖面

Fig. 2 The profile of core sediments in tidal flat in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

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图 3 苏北辐射沙洲潮滩沉积物沉积速率

Fig. 3 Sediment deposition rate in tidal flat in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

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图 4 苏北辐射沙洲潮滩岩芯沉积物平均粒径

Fig. 4 Mean particle size of core sediments in tidal flat in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

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图 5 射阳河口岩芯沉积物元素分布曲线

Fig. 5 Element distribution curve of core sediments in the Sheyang River Estuary

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图 6 川东港互花米草滩岩芯沉积物元素分布曲线

Fig. 6 Element distribution curve of core sediments in the Spartina alterniflora tidal flat of Chuandong Gang

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图 7 海安潮滩岩芯沉积物元素分布曲线

Fig. 7 Element distribution curve of core sediments in the Haian tidal flat

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图 8 苏北辐射沙洲海岸潮滩岩芯沉积物元素聚类分析

Fig. 8 Cluster analysis of core sediments elements in tidal flat in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

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表 1 苏北辐射沙洲岸滩柱状岩芯沉积物站位信息

Tab. 1 The information of core sediments samples station in tidal flat in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

岩芯编号	取样地点	纬度	经度
CT01	射阳河口	33.772°N	120.526 55°E
CT02	川东港	33.076 566°N	120.867°E
CT03	海安	32.648 6°N	120.986°E

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表 2 苏北辐射沙洲岸滩沉积物元素含量

Tab. 2 The element content of core sediments in tidal flat in the northern Jiangsu radial sand ridges

元素	射阳河口潮滩					川东港互花米草滩					海安近岸潮滩
元素	最小值/cps	最大值/cps	平均值/cps	标准偏差	变异系数	最小值/cps	最大值/cps	平均值/cps	标准偏差	变异系数	最小值/cps	最大值/cps	平均值/cps	标准偏差	变异系数
Si	16.76	151.80	95.41	31.99	0.34	172.94	560.33	246.00	75.10	0.31	11.49	549.54	235.09	122.1	0.52
S	−224.6	132.56	34.76	82.32	2.37	16.73	147.06	75.40	34.94	0.46	−146.7	176.34	87.08	48.81	0.56
Ca	36.45	253.78	144.92	49.86	0.34	206.21	636.93	285.80	62.13	0.22	12.75	337.83	176.28	65.69	0.37
Ti	19.17	77.24	48.59	11.59	0.24	28.33	88.94	58.27	12.65	0.22	22.33	84.53	48.05	13.25	0.28
V	27.85	83.24	51.80	10.94	0.21	21.97	74.40	45.63	9.39	0.21	27.91	74.59	48.28	9.07	0.19
Mn	6.85	66.61	29.36	12.52	0.43	3.68	50.18	25.73	10.42	0.41	6.19	65.04	27.83	11.37	0.41
Fe	88.52	847.36	425.82	161.3	0.38	601.70	1793.6	887.94	187.26	0.21	5.57	1213.5	604.23	230.8	0.38
Ba	5.27	18.16	10.64	2.46	0.23	6.62	22.55	13.66	3.01	0.22	1.92	22.98	12.88	3.78	0.29
Ni	36.79	65.28	50.07	4.90	0.10	33.09	53.30	43.83	4.23	0.10	34.33	64.57	48.69	4.87	0.10
Cu	8.72	27.03	17.27	3.87	0.22	4.08	26.28	16.01	4.00	0.25	6.28	27.71	17.22	4.27	0.25
Zn	−0.83	15.15	5.31	2.94	0.55	−0.91	18.71	5.68	3.78	0.67	−0.72	15.63	5.54	3.30	0.59
As	168.18	329.38	248.10	28.25	0.11	186.12	351.51	240.38	28.98	0.12	167.67	312.54	243.35	29.83	0.12
Rb	7.68	84.77	50.46	15.29	0.30	30.70	101.78	58.92	14.21	0.24	21.84	85.56	52.30	13.11	0.25
Sr	45.09	132.00	82.47	18.44	0.22	53.18	136.33	91.92	15.60	0.17	28.04	132.26	85.01	19.35	0.23

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表 3 射阳河口互花米草滩岩芯沉积物中元素相关性

Tab. 3 The element correlation of core sediments in the Spartina alterniflora tidal flat of Sheyang Estuary

相关性	Si	S	Ca	Ti	V	Mn	Fe	Ba	Ni	Cu	Zn	As	Rb	Sr	平均粒径
Si	1
S	0.52**	1
Ca	0.63**	0.43**	1
Ti	0.04	−0.03	0.17	1
V	−0.24*	−0.45**	−0.26**	−0.05	1
Mn	−0.13	−0.12	−0.05	0.04	0.15	1
Fe	0.55**	0.45**	0.85**	0.22*	−0.28**	−0.02	1
Ba	0.37**	0.21*	0.38**	0.25*	−0.15	−0.01	0.34**	1
Ni	−0.27**	−0.06	−0.29**	−0.12	−0.08	0.10	−0.23*	−0.08	1
Cu	−0.19	−0.07	−0.15	−0.15	0.01	0.02	−0.08	−0.22*	0.39**	1
Zn	0.14	0.10	0.10	0.09	−0.17	−0.09	0.12	0.04	−0.08	0.10	1
As	−0.09	−0.05	−0.09	−0.03	0.14	−0.17	−0.08	−0.21*	0.08	0.05	0.12	1
Rb	0.02	−0.10	0.02	0.11	−0.09	0.04	0.01	0.03	0.05	−0.12	−0.09	−0.04	1
Sr	0.20*	0.08	0.22*	0.05	−0.10	−0.02	0.18	0.10	0.17	0.02	0.04	−0.12	0.09	1
平均粒径	−0.10	−0.25	−0.59**	−0.03	0.12	−0.18	−0.65**	−0.09	0.17	0.06	0.08	0.14	0.08	0.13	1
注：*表示在0.01级别（双尾），相关性显著；表示在0.05级别（双尾），相关性显著。

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表 4 川东港互花米草滩岩芯沉积物中元素相关性

Tab. 4 The element correlation of core sediments in the Spartina alterniflora tidal flat of the Chuangdong Gang

相关性	Si	S	Ca	Ti	V	Mn	Fe	Ba	Ni	Cu	Zn	As	Rb	Sr	平均粒径
Si	1
S	0.41**	1
Ca	0.74**	0.33**	1
Ti	0.34**	0.05	0.36**	1
V	−0.02	−0.13	−0.10	0.07	1
Mn	0.09	0.14	0.02	−0.05	−0.15	1
Fe	0.50**	0.15	0.87**	0.31**	−0.15	−0.02	1
Ba	0.29**	0.19*	0.12	0.08	−0.12	0.03	−0.01	1
Ni	−0.04	0.06	−0.27**	−0.16	−0.02	−0.07	−0.31**	0.11	1
Cu	−0.12	0.07	−0.14	−0.10	0.05	−0.10	−0.12	−0.08	0.25**	1
Zn	0.26**	0.20*	0.25**	0.05	−0.17	0.14	0.15	−0.01	−0.09	0.09	1
As	0.01	0.07	0.02	−0.02	−0.11	−0.09	0.04	−0.05	0.17	0.06	0.13	1
Rb	0.08	−0.08	0.12	−0.08	0.03	0.06	0.08	0.04	−0.15	−0.02	−0.05	−0.25**	1
Sr	−0.02	−0.00	0.02	−0.10	0.06	−0.01	−0.02	−0.14	−0.06	0.06	−0.11	−0.10	0.12	1
平均粒径	0.217*	0.02	−0.04	−0.08	0.16	0.17	−0.22*	0.13	0.02	−0.08	−0.06	−0.03	0.05	−0.03	1
注：*表示在0.01级别（双尾），相关性显著；表示在0.05级别（双尾），相关性显著。

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表 5 海安岸外潮滩岩芯沉积物中元素相关性

Tab. 5 The element correlation of core sediments in the Haian tidal flat

相关性	Si	S	Ca	Ti	V	Mn	Fe	Ba	Ni	Cu	Zn	As	Rb	Sr	平均粒径
Si	1
S	0.45**	1
Ca	0.94**	0.43**	1
Ti	0.17	0.16	0.20*	1
V	−0.19*	−0.13	−0.21*	0.11	1
Mn	0.01	0.04	−0.02	0.10	0.06	1
Fe	0.88**	0.40**	0.89**	0.15	−0.24**	0.02	1
Ba	0.38**	0.17	0.41**	−0.15	−0.19*	0.07	0.40**	1
Ni	−0.35**	−0.10	−0.31**	−0.08	0.10	−0.01	−0.28**	−0.10	1
Cu	−0.10	0.00	−0.07	0.06	−0.12	0.06	0.06	0.01	0.23*	1
Zn	0.04	0.07	0.03	−0.05	−0.01	0.08	0.07	0.09	0.07	0.14	1
As	−0.08	−0.16	−0.10	−0.06	0.13	0.04	−0.07	−0.11	0.13	0.06	0.05	1
Rb	0.33**	0.17	0.30**	0.04	−0.06	−0.03	0.29**	0.23**	−0.18	−0.03	−0.11	−0.19*	1
Sr	0.31**	0.11	0.30**	0.14	0.06	0.00	0.29**	0.06	0.00	0.02	−0.05	−0.15	0.26**	1
平均粒径	0.09	0.04	0.01	0.05	0.00	−0.09	0.03	−0.12	−0.16	−0.09	−0.18*	−0.14	−0.04	−0.02	1
注：*表示在0.01级别（双尾），相关性显著；表示在0.05级别（双尾），相关性显著。

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