基于个体的西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群生活史早期生态模型构建

李曰嵩; 白松麟; 余为; 张瑜; 陈新军

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021070

基于个体的西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群生活史早期生态模型构建

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021070

李曰嵩^{1, 3, 4, 5,},
白松麟²,
余为^{1, 3, 4, 5},
张瑜¹,
陈新军^{1, 3, 4, 5, ,}

1.
上海海洋大学海洋科学学院，上海 201306
2.
上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院，上海 201306
3.
国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心，上海 201306
4.
大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室，上海 201306
5.
远洋渔业协同创新中心，上海 201306

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（NSFC41876141）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0900906，2016YFC1400903）；国家自然基金联合基金重点项目（U1609202）。

详细信息

作者简介:
李曰嵩（1976-），男，辽宁省盖州市人，副教授，从事生态动力学模型的研究。E-mail：liys@shou.edu.cn

通讯作者:
陈新军，男，教授，主要研究渔业资源。E-mail：xjchen@shou.edu.cn

中图分类号: P714⁺.5; S917
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-31
- 修回日期: 2021-02-17
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-02
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-25

Construction of individual-based ecological model of early life history of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean

Li Yuesong^{1, 3, 4, 5
,},
Bai Songlin²,
Yu Wei^{1, 3, 4, 5},
Zhang Yu¹,
Chen Xinjun^{1, 3, 4, 5
, ,}

1.
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
2.
College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
3.
National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China
5.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China

摘要

摘要: 为了对西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群生活史早期的生长、死亡、输运和分布等进行研究，将其生长、死亡等早期生物过程进行参数化，利用物理模型(FVCOM-Global)模拟生成北太平洋(10°～60°N，120°E～110°W)三维物理场，采用拉格朗日质点追踪的方法将物理模型和生物模型(基于个体模型)耦合，构建了基于个体的西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群生活史早期生态模型，并用此模型对1997–2010年冬春生群的输运分布进行数值模拟。模拟结果表明：在一定温度范围内，越靠近最适水温，冬春生群的生长速度越快，当日龄为38 d时，胴长可达到11.76 mm，之后由指数生长逐渐变为线性生长；1997–2010年模拟补充量有年际的波动，在考虑冬春生群亲体量不同的前提下得到的实际补充量最多和最少的年份分别是1999年和2009年；冬春生群在模拟阶段主要位于产卵场内，在25°N以南主要向西部输运，25°N以北逐渐呈向北和向东北方向输运的趋势，尤其在输运后期受强流的影响较大；在垂直方向上，100 m水深以内的仔鱼占比将近一半。本研究能为西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群的生态动力学深入研究奠定基础。
- 基于个体模型 /
- 柔鱼 /
- 冬春生群 /
- 生活史 /
- 拉格朗日质点追踪法
Abstract: In order to study the growth, death, transport and distribution of early life history of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, parameterized early biological processes, such as growth and death. Used the physical model (FVCOM-Global) to simulate and generate three-dimensional physical field of the North Pacific Ocean (10°−60°N, 120°E−110°W), and adopted the Lagrangian particle tracking method to couple the physical model and the biological model (individual-based model), and constructed an individual-based ecological model of early life history of winter-spring cohort of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and used this model to numerically simulate the transport distribution of winter-spring cohort from 1997 to 2010. The simulation results showed that within a certain temperature range, the closer to the optimum water temperature, the faster the growth rate of winter-spring cohort. When the age was 38 days, the mantle length could reach 11.76 millimeters, and then gradually changed from exponential growth to linear growth. The simulative recruitment had interannual fluctuation from 1997 to 2010. Considering the different number of winter-spring cohort parents, the years with the most and the least actual recruitment were 1999 and 2009, respectively. In the simulation stage, the winter-spring cohort was mainly located in the spawning ground, transported to the west in the south of 25°N, and gradually transported to the north and northeast in the north of 25°N, especially affected by the strong current in the later period of transport. In the vertical direction, the larvae within 100 meters water depth accounted for nearly half. This study can lay a foundation for further study of ecological dynamics of winter-spring cohort of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.
- individual-based model /
- Ommastrephes bartramii /
- winter-spring cohort /
- life history /
- Lagrangian particle tracking method

HTML全文

图 1 由三角网格构成的模型计算区域

Fig. 1 The model computational domain is made up of triangular mesh

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图 2 北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群的产卵场示意图

蓝色圆形为模型中设定的产卵场位置

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of spawning ground of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the North Pacific Ocean

The blue circle is the location of spawning ground set in the model

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图 3 柔鱼的输运和生长示意图

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of transport and growth of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii

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图 4 生态模型的构建过程

Fig. 4 The construction process of ecological model

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图 5 西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群在不同水温条件下的胴长变化

Fig. 5 Variation of mantle length of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean under different water temperature conditions

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图 6 模拟补充量

Fig. 6 Simulative recruitment

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图 7 模拟补充量与实际补充量对比

Fig. 7 Comparison of simulative recruitment and actual recruitment

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图 8 实际补充量和渔获量对比

Fig. 8 Comparison of actual recruitment and catch

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图 9 不同海域内柔鱼的占比

Fig. 9 The proportion of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in different sea areas

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10 1997−2010年西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群的分布和流场

10 Distribution and flow field of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from 1997 to 2010

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图 11 冬春生群在不同生长阶段处于各个水深范围内的比例

Fig. 11 The proportion of winter-spring cohort in different water depth ranges at different growth stages

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表 1 补充量和渔获量

Tab. 1 Recruitment and catch

年份	模拟补充量/ （10⁸个）	渔获量/t	系数	实际补充量/ （10⁸个）
1997	1.29	101 839	1.06	1.37
1998	2.07	117 000	1.22	2.53
1999	4	132 000	1.37	5.48
2000	2.36	124 204	1.29	3.04
2001	1.51	80 873	0.84	1.27
2002	0.835	84 487	0.88	0.735
2003	0.873	82 949	0.86	0.751
2004	1.41	106 532.2	1.11	1.57
2005	3.73	98 372	1.02	3.8
2006	1.43	108 097.1	1.12	1.6
2007	1.76	113 117.6	1.18	2.08
2008	2.14	106 018.9	1.10	2.35
2009	1.77	36 763.7	0.38	0.673
2010	2.47	55 350.7	0.58	1.43

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表 2 输运到四周最远的柔鱼相对于产卵场的距离

Tab. 2 The distance to spawning ground of the farthest neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii transported to the surrounding waters

年份	向北输运的距离/km	向南输运的距离/km	向西输运的距离/km	向东输运的距离/km
1997	388.50	234.21	366.89	387.57
1998	199.80	333.00	435.44	404.81
1999	902.43	401.82	466.48	192.41
2000	226.44	258.63	372.20	181.22
2001	730.38	279.72	488.65	452.75
2002	346.32	341.88	596.73	343.04
2003	222.00	347.43	363.39	293.87
2004	623.82	185.37	328.68	369.24
2005	342.99	337.44	302.35	550.79
2006	132.09	331.89	298.11	240.32
2007	136.53	293.04	365.90	269.21
2008	608.28	422.91	197.37	173.15
2009	142.08	255.30	487.30	297.70
2010	193.14	122.10	483.08	405.86

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表 3 整个模拟阶段内冬春生群分布在不同水深处的比例（%）

Tab. 3 The proportion of winter-spring cohort distributed in different water depths during the whole simulation stage（%）

水深/m	1997年	1998年	1999年	2000年	2001年	2002年	2003年	2004年	2005年	2006年	2007年	2008年	2009年	2010年
0～100	44.54	50.01	32.18	46.11	56.59	49.88	48.42	49.62	43.00	53.71	51.79	45.46	47.89	50.51
100～200	27.58	25.96	18.95	28.50	22.86	27.94	27.64	23.56	28.67	23.20	25.89	26.95	25.93	24.54
200～300	10.85	8.46	9.68	9.00	6.18	7.80	8.54	7.88	8.12	6.82	7.00	8.03	8.16	8.11
300～400	4.03	2.52	5.93	3.22	2.54	2.96	3.16	3.73	3.42	3.44	2.69	3.70	2.77	3.24
400～500	2.21	1.40	3.80	1.81	1.58	1.81	1.79	1.91	2.15	2.24	1.78	2.43	1.87	1.74
500～600	1.48	1.17	3.39	1.39	1.38	1.07	1.51	1.57	1.82	1.76	1.46	1.72	1.71	1.25
600～700	1.19	1.01	2.72	1.24	1.14	0.88	1.31	1.05	1.89	0.91	1.38	1.60	1.39	1.22
700～1 500	4.67	5.55	10.74	5.91	4.73	5.39	5.07	5.36	7.35	4.16	5.51	6.26	6.96	6.11
>1 500	3.45	3.92	12.61	2.82	3.00	2.27	2.56	5.32	3.58	3.76	2.50	3.85	3.32	3.28

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