Application of Hilbert-Huang transform method in fine illustrating shallow marine sediment system
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摘要: 位于马来盆地与西纳土纳盆地交汇处的研究区上新统−更新统发育复杂的浅海、海陆过渡相水下分支河道体系，常规的地震资料无法进行精细识别刻画。通过对叠后地震资料进行希尔伯特−黄变换，提取了地震资料高频分量，提高了地震资料的分辨率，有效识别了薄层砂泥岩交互特征和细微沉积体。通过对高频分量进行瞬时属性提取，明确了目的层段水下分支河道的平面展布特征。与常规叠后地震属性相比，经过希尔伯特−黄变换后的叠后地震资料提取的瞬时属性显示了更多沉积体系的细节特征，为水下分支河道的内部结构、发育期次、切割关系等时空演化研究提供了更高分辨率的地震数据。Abstract: The complex subaqueous channel system of shallow and transition facies is developed in the Pliocene-Pleistocene strata at the conjunction area of Malay Basin and West Natuna Basin, and can not be characterized in detail by conventional seismic data. By applying Hilbert-Huang transform to post-stack seismic data, the high frequency components of seismic data were extracted, the resolution of seismic data was improved, and the interaction characteristics of thin layer sand and mudstone and small sedimentary bodies were identified effectively. Through the instantaneous attribute extraction of the high frequency component, the plane distribution characteristics of the underwater branch channels in the target interval are defined. Compared with conventional post-stack seismic attributes, the instantaneous attributes extracted from post-stack seismic data after Hilbert-Huang transform show more detailed features of sedimentary system. And it provides high-resolution seismic data for the study of spatio-temporal evolution of underwater branch channels, such as internal structure, development period and cutting relationship.
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图 2 原始地震资料频谱（蓝线）与HHT变换后第一分量地震频谱（红线）对比（振幅归一化处理）
Fig. 2 Comparison between the spectrum of original seismic data (blue line) and the spectrum of the first component after HHT transformation (red line) （amplitude normalization）
图 3 研究区三维原始叠后地震资料0.3 s等时切片（A为振幅切片，B为相干切片）
Fig. 3 0.3 s isochronous slice of 3D original post stack seismic data in the study area (A is amplitude slice and B is coherent slice)
图 5 理论信号黄分解本征模态分量图
a. 理论原始信号；b. 黄分解第一本征模态分量；c. 黄分解第二本征模态分量；d. 黄分解第三本征模态分量；e. 黄分解第四本征模态分量；f. 残余分量
Fig. 5 Eigenmode component diagram of theoretical signal Huang transform
a. Theoretical original signal; b. the first eigenmode component of Huang transform; c. the second eigenmode component of Huang transform; d. the third eigenmode component of Huang transform; e. the fourth eigenmode component of Huang transform; f. residual component
图 6 过水下分支河道地震剖面HHT第一分量结果
Fig. 6 HHT first component results of underwater branch channel seismic profile
图 8 河道地震剖面解释成果图与水道发育剖面模式
Fig. 8 Interpretation results of channel seismic profile and the development model of channel
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