桑沟湾不同形态锰的分布、季节变化及影响因素

刘家琦; 任景玲; 陈晶; 房瑞雪; 蒋增杰

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021018

桑沟湾不同形态锰的分布、季节变化及影响因素

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021018

1.
中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室，山东青岛 266100
2.
中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，山东青岛 266071

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41676072）；山东省“泰山学者”工程专项经费和青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室“鳌山人才”计划项目（2015ASTP-OS08）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘家琦(1997—)，男，山东省日照市人，主要从事痕量元素的海洋生物地球化学循环研究。E-mail：ljq5388@stu.ouc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
任景玲，教授，主要从事痕量元素的生物地球化学循环研究。E-mail：renjingl@ouc.edu.cn

中图分类号: P734
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-13
- 修回日期: 2020-10-10
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-07
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-02

Distributions, seasonal variations and influence factors of different manganese species in the Sanggou Bay

1.
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
2.
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

摘要

摘要: 利用催化动力学分光光度法和两步提取法对2011年4月（春）、8月（夏）、10月（秋）和2012年1月（冬）桑沟湾海域溶解态无机锰(DIMn)和表层沉积物中的锰的含量进行测定。结果表明，桑沟湾4个季节（春季至冬季，后同）DIMn浓度呈现出近岸高、远岸低的分布特点，其平均浓度分别为(60.5±43.1) nmol/L、(42.0±30.5) nmol/L、(23.4±11.2) nmol/L和(18.2±13.5) nmol/L，呈现出明显的季节变化，即春季最高，夏季、秋季次之，冬季最低；与相邻的俚岛湾和爱莲湾相比，桑沟湾春季、夏季DIMn的浓度较高，秋季、冬季则没有显著性差异。桑沟湾表层沉积物中总Mn在4个季节的含量分别为(861±308) mg/kg、(915±322) mg/kg、(589±108) mg/kg、(653±185) mg/kg，表层沉积物中醋酸提取态Mn在4个季节的含量分别为(500±272) mg/kg、(502±232) mg/kg、(322±81) mg/kg、(345±91) mg/kg，两者均表现出近岸高、远岸低的分布特点。醋酸提取态Mn的含量在春季、夏季要显著高于秋季、冬季。悬浮颗粒物的吸附和浮游生物的利用是影响桑沟湾DIMn浓度与分布的重要因素。桑沟湾DIMn的源主要包括河流及地下水输送、大气输送、沉积物−水界面释放；汇主要包括养殖生物的清除、向黄海的输送等。简单箱式模型收支计算结果显示，桑沟湾DIMn的源略大于汇，表明除了养殖生物的清除和向黄海的输送，桑沟湾DIMn还存在其他汇。本研究的结果为桑沟湾DIMn的生物地球化学循环的深入认识提供了基础数据。
- 溶解态锰 /
- 沉积物 /
- 分布 /
- 季节变化 /
- 影响因素 /
- 收支 /
- 桑沟湾
Abstract: The distribution of dissolved manganese (DIMn) and manganese in surface sediment in the Sanggou Bay were investigated in April, August, October 2011 and January 2012. The concentrations of DIMn and manganese in surface sediment were measured by the the catalytic-kinetic spectrophotometric and two-step extraction method, respectively. The results showed that the average concentration of DIMn in 2011−2012 were (60.5±43.1) nmol/L in April, (42.0±30.5) nmol/L in August, (23.4±11.2) nmol/L in October and (18.2±13.5) nmol/L in January. The high concentrations of DIMn always being found in the estuary and decreased from nearshore to the coastal area. There exists significant seasonal variation for concentrations of DIMn with highest value in spring, followed by summer and autumn, and lowest value in winter. The concentrations of DIMn in the Sanggou Bay were higher than the Ailian Bay and the Lidao Bay in spring and summer, and with insignificant variation in autumn and winter. The average content of total manganese (TMn_s) in surface sediment were (861±308) mg/kg in April 2011, (915±322) mg/kg in August 2011, (589±108) mg/kg in October 2011 and (653±185) mg/kg in January 2012. The average content of acetic acid-soluble manganese (HAc-Mn) in surface sediment were (500±272) mg/kg in April 2011, (502±232) mg/kg in August 2011, (322±81) mg/kg in October 2011, (345±91) mg/kg in January 2012. The content of TMn_s and HAc-Mn in the sediment of the bay were both decreased with the increasing distance from the coast. There exists significant seasonal variation for concentrations of HAc-Mn in the surface sediments during the investigations, with higher concentrations occurred in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter. The adsorption of SPM and utilization of plankton were important factors affecting the content and distribution of DIMn in the Sanggou Bay. The major sources for DIMn in the Sanggou Bay included the inputs from riverine, groundwater discharge, atmospheric deposition and release from the sediment-water interface. The major sinks for DIMn included the output into the Yellow Sea and the absorption or accumulation by biological activities. A preliminary box model was established to estimate the budgets of DIMn for the Sanggou Bay, which demonstrated that in addition to output into the Yellow Sea and biological activities, there was other sinks of DIMns in the Sanggou Bay. The results provide basic data for further understanding the biogeochemical cycle of DIMn in the Sanggou Bay.
- dissolved manganese /
- sediment /
- distribution /
- seasonal variation /
- influence factors /
- flux and budget /
- Sanggou Bay

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图 1 桑沟湾采样站位图（2013年4月航次在红色站位采集了沉积物孔隙水样品）

Fig. 1 Sampling stations in the Sanggou Bay（sediment pore water samples were collected at red stations during the April 2013 cruises）

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图 2 桑沟湾表层海水DIMn (nmol/L)的平面分布

Fig. 2 The horizontal distributions of DIMn (nmol/L) in the surface layer of the Sanggou Bay

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图 3 桑沟湾、俚岛湾和爱莲湾盐度与溶解态锰浓度对比

Fig. 3 Comparison of salinity and concentration of DIMn in the Sanggou Bay, the Lidao Bay and the Ailian Bay

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图 4 桑沟湾表层沉积物中TMn_s(mg/kg)和HAc-Mn (mg/kg)的平面分布

Fig. 4 The horizontal distributions of TMn_s(mg/kg) and HAc-Mn (mg/kg) in the surface layer of the sediments in the Sanggou Bay

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图 5 桑沟湾盐度(a)及SPM (b)与DIMn的关系

Fig. 5 Relationship between DIMn and salinity (a), SPM (b) in the Sanggou Bay

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图 6 溶解态锰浓度的估算偏差比值C_e与Chl a浓度的关系

Fig. 6 Relationship between C_e and Chl a in the Sanggou Bay

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图 7 2012年6月丰水期桑沟湾周边主要河流和地下水中DIMn的浓度

Fig. 7 Concentration of DIMn in major rivers and groundwater around the Sanggou Bay in the flood season of June 2012

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图 8 桑沟湾溶解态锰的通量

Fig. 8 DIMn budget in the Sanggou Bay

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表 1 2011−2012年桑沟湾4个航次的温度、盐度、SPM、Chl a和DIMn的浓度范围

Tab. 1 The ranges of temperature, salinity, SPM, and concentrations of Chl a and DIMn in the Sanggou Bay from 2011 to 2012

航次	2011年4月	2011年8月	2011年10月	2012年1月
温度/℃	5.5～11.6	18.5～24.2	14.9～17.5	1.9～5.6
	(9.0±2.1)	(21.4±2.0)	(16.5±0.8)	(3.8±1.2)
盐度	30.21～30.74	26.17～31.41	30.57～31.37	31.32～31.57
	(30.51±0.12)	(29.39±1.78)	(31.18±0.23)	(31.52±0.06)
SPM/(mg·L⁻¹)	10.8～63.98	9.2～32.8	13.8～73.9	8.0～67.2
	(29.9±15.2)	(17.3±3.5)	(22.5±6.3)	(28.2±15.5)
DIMn浓度/(nmol·L⁻¹)	12.5～579.3	19.1～182.9	8.9～49.4	5.4～56.0
	(170.0±163.7)	(42.0±30.5)	(23.4±11.2)	(18.2±13.5)
Chl a浓度 /(µg·L⁻¹)	0.7～2.7	5.7～38.7	0.7～19.6	0.4～2.9
	(1.3±0.6)	(14.4±9.7)	(6.5±6.0)	(0.9±0.6）
注：括号内为平均值±标准偏差。

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表 2 部分海湾、陆架边缘海及大洋中DIMn的浓度

Tab. 2 The concentration of DIMn in some bays, shelf marginal seas and oceans of the world

海域	时间	表层DIMn浓度/(nmol·L⁻¹)	底层DIMn浓度/(nmol·L⁻¹)	参考文献
桑沟湾	2011年4月	12.5～152.7		本文
	2011年8月	7.4～67.1	19.2～84	本文
	2011年10月	9.1～63.1	7.2～48.2	本文
	2012年10月	5.8～56	5.4～52.3	本文
长江口	2012年3月	2.5～55.1	2.1～59.6	[23]
长江口	2012年7月	4.2～74.1	6.9～63.3	[23]
珠江口	2009年5−8月	2.1～1 660		[24]
东海	2011年5月	2.6～21.8	1.5～10.2	[25]
	2011年8月	4.2～15.5	3.8～140.7	[25]
	2011年11月	2.5～13.9	3.5～19.5	[25]
	2013年5月	2.9～29.1	2.5～27.7	未发表数据
	2013年8月	3.1～43.6	2.3～81.5	未发表数据
	2013年11月	2.2～10.2	1.1～15.2	未发表数据
南海	2011年8月	3.0～28.2	1.3～30	未发表数据
	2014年10月	3.7～6.1	0.8～4.6	[26]
	2015年6月	1.8～7	0.5～4.1	[26]
	2015年7月	1.9～16.2	0.6～14.7	未发表数据
哈德逊河口	1995年10月/1996年10月	33.0～1 460		[27]
杰克逊港口	1999年2月−2001年1月	5.9～1 836.4		[28]
太平洋(HOT−ALOHA)	2001年4月/2002年6月	1.2～1.7	0.26～0.31	[29]
西北太平洋	2008年7−8月	1.3～2.6	0.3～0.7	[30]
南大洋	2008年2−3月	0.04～0.64	0.07～0.23	[3]
加利福尼亚湾	1996年9月/1997年3月	1.7～6.9	>6	[31]
黑海	2001年6月	<100	6 000～8 000	[32]
波罗的海	2008年7−8月	1 000	5 000	[30]

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表 3 2011−2012年桑沟湾表层沉积物中TMn_s和HAc-Mn的含量范围

Tab. 3 The content ranges of TMn_s and HAc-Mn in the surface sediment of the Sanggou Bay from 2011 to 2012

时间	TMn_s含量/(mg·kg⁻¹)	HAc-Mn含量/(mg·kg⁻¹)
2011年4月	363～1 507(861±308)	297～1 129(500±272)
2011年8月	392～1 742(915±322)	177～1 108(502±232)
2011年10月	474～760(589±108)	238～450(322±81)
2012年1月	487～801(653±85)	219～552(345±91)
注：括号内为平均值±标准偏差。

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表 4 桑沟湾水产品养殖周期及产量

Tab. 4 Aquaculture cycle and yield of aquatic products in the Sanggou Bay

养殖种类	播种期	收获期	产量/10³ t
海带	11−12月	次年5−6月	85（干重）
龙须菜	6月	当年10月	25.4（湿重）
扇贝	10−11月	次年6−7月	15（湿重）
牡蛎	.4−5月	次年11月	60（湿重）

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