广西茅尾海红树林土壤放线菌多样性及功能酶活性研究

李菲; 李喆; 胡文进; 黄庶识; 刘泾泾; 黄媛林; 王巧贞; 潘信利

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021010

广西茅尾海红树林土壤放线菌多样性及功能酶活性研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021010

1.
广西科学院广西近海海洋环境科学重点实验室，广西南宁 530007
2.
广西科学院广西海洋天然产物与组合生物合成化学重点实验室，广西南宁 530007
3.
广西科学院国家非粮生物质能源工程技术研究中心/非粮生物质酶解国家重点实验室/广西生物炼制重点实验室/广西生物质工程技术研究中心，广西南宁 530007
4.
北京理工大学材料学院，北京 100081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（31560017）；广西海洋天然产物与组合生物合成化学重点实验室运行补助项目（20-065-63）；广西科技计划科技基地和人才专项（桂科AD17129019）；广西科技计划重点研发项目（桂科AB16380071）；广西科学院基本科研业务费资助项目（2018YBJ303，2019YBJ101）；广西青年科学基金项目（2018GXNSFBA050021）。

详细信息

作者简介:
李菲（1988-），女，广西省南宁市人，主要从事海洋微生物资源开发与利用研究。E-mail：finylee@yeah.net

通讯作者:
潘信利。E-mail：pxl@gxas.cn

中图分类号: Q939.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-23
- 修回日期: 2020-08-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-26
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-02

Biodiversity and functional enzymes of actinomycetes isolated from mangrove soil in the Maowei Sea, Guangxi

1.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Maine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
2.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynethesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
3.
National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery/State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-refinery/Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
4.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 研究广西茅尾海红树林自然保护区内红树林土壤中可培养放线菌的多样性，挖掘具有高产多种功能酶活性的放线菌类群。应用可培养技术和基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析研究红树林土壤中可培养放线菌的多样性；并以10种酶活底物为指示物，结合点植法和透明圈法对可培养的放线菌进行功能酶活性筛选。结果显示，从红树林土壤中共分离到444株放线菌，隶属于6目13科24属63种，其中3株放线菌为潜在新种。从63株不同种的放线菌中筛选出56株放线菌在至少1种功能酶活性检测中显示阳性，总阳性率为88.89%；其中具有2种以上功能酶活性的放线菌31株，链霉菌属、微杆菌属和短小杆菌属的产酶菌株最为丰富。综上所述，广西茅尾海红树林自然保护区内红树林土壤中可培养放线菌的种类丰富多样，潜藏着放线菌新资源，且功能酶活性显著，具有较大的挖掘潜力。
- 广西；茅尾海红树林 /
- 土壤 /
- 放线菌 /
- 功能酶
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the diversity of actinomycetes collected from the Maowei Sea Natural Reserve of Mangrove in Guangxi, and screen the functional enzymes activities from these actinomycetes. Actinobacterial diversity of Mangrove soil was studied by culturable method and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Ten enzyme active substrates were selected as indicator reaction. Activity for functional enzymes was tested by inoculating single colony method. Total of 444 strains of culturable actinomycetes were obtained from mangrove soil environment, they were classified into 63 species, 24 genera, 13 families and 6 orders by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The three strains of them was potential new species. Streptomyces sp. was the dominant genus. Among them, 56 strains were screened with at least one or more enzymes activity. The total positive rate was 88.89%. And two enzymes activity at least could be screened from the 31 strains. And the dominant strains capable of enzyme-producing were of Streptomyces sp., Microbacterium sp. and Curtobacterium sp. Our results showed that in the Maowei Sea Natural Reserve of Mangrove soil, there existed a higher diversity of culturable actinomycetes, and there are large numbers of unknown actionobacterial groups here. These actinomycetes have the abilities to produce excellent functional enzymes.
- Guangxi; mangrove in the Maowei Sea /
- soil /
- actinomycetes /
- functional enzymes

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图 1 红树林土壤放线菌的16S rRNA基因序列Neighbor−Joining系统发育树

Fig. 1 Phylogenetic analysis of actinomycetes from mangrove soil based on 16S rRNA sequences

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图 2 不同培养基分离到放线菌的种类数量

Fig. 2 Quantities of species isolated from different media

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图 3 部分放线菌的酶活检测效果图

Fig. 3 Renderings of enzyme activity in some actinomycete

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图 4 56株放线菌的酶活筛选结果

Fig. 4 Enzyme-producing activities of 56 actinomycetes

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表 1 分离培养基配方

Tab. 1 Recipe of media for actinomycetes isolation

培养基	主要成分	其他成分
AGG	可溶性淀粉10.0 g，葡萄糖1.0 g，甘油10 mL	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
M7	酵母提取粉5.0 g，L-天冬酰胺1.0 g，甘油10 mL	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
P7	L-酪氨酸0.5 g，L-天门冬酰胺1.0 g，甘油10 mL	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
M10	可溶性淀粉1.0 g，水解酪素0.5 g	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
M4	L-天门冬酰胺1.0 g，海藻糖5.0 g，甘油6 mL	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
M5	海藻糖5.0 g，脯氨酸1.0 g，土壤浸出液20 mL	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
M9	精氨酸1.0 g，甘油6 mL	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
P3	燕麦粉20.0 g	复合盐母液10 mL琼脂14.0 g，去离子水1 000 mL，pH7.2～7.4
注：复合盐母液按如下成分比例配制：KNO₃1.0 g，NaCl 2.5 g，MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.5 g，K₂HPO₄ 0.5 g，NH₄NO₃ 0.1 g，FeSO₄0.01 g，MnCl₂·H₂O 0.001 g，ZnSO₄·7H₂O 0.001 g，去离子水10 mL。

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表 2 红树林土壤放线菌的分布

Tab. 2 Distribution of actinomycetes from mangrove soil

目	科	属	株数	种数
动饱菌目	动孢菌科	动球菌属Kineococcus	7	1
		四折叠球菌属Quadrisphaera	1	1
微球菌目	间孢囊菌科	两面神菌属Janibacter	2	1
	皮杆菌科	短状杆菌属Brachybacterium	19	2
	短杆菌科	短杆菌属Brevibacterium	3	1
	原小单孢菌科	纤维微菌属Cellulosimicrobium	5	1
	纤维单孢菌科	去甲基醌菌属Demequina	14	1
	微杆菌科	短小杆菌属Curtobacterium	167	5
		壤霉菌属Agromyces	20	1
		微杆菌属Microbacterium	37	8
	微球菌科	考克氏菌属Kocuria	1	1
		微球菌属Micrococcus	18	1
		节杆菌属Paenarthrobacter	1	1
		假节杆菌属Pseudarthrobacter	4	1
小单孢菌目	小单孢菌科	科氏游动菌属Couchioplanes	1	1
		小单孢菌属Micromonospora	9	3
		植物产孢放线菌属Plantactinospora	1	1
分枝杆菌目	诺卡氏菌科	戈登氏菌属Gordonia	25	5
		红球菌属Rhodococcus	21	2
	分枝杆菌科	分枝杆菌属Mycobacterium	6	2
		Mycolicibacterium	24	6
丙酸杆菌目	类诺卡氏菌科	大理石雕菌属Marmoricola	4	1
		类诺卡氏菌属Nocardioides	36	2
链霉菌目	链霉菌科	链霉菌属Streptomyces	18	14

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表 3 不同培养基分离到的细菌多样性

Tab. 3 Bacterial diversity isolated from different media

细菌多样性	培养基
细菌多样性	AGG	M10	M4	M5	M7	M9	P3	P7
菌株数	34	73	53	108	27	24	72	53
菌种数	5	16	13	11	10	5	24	14
菌属数	5	12	9	8	8	4	16	12
Shannon-Wiener指数	1.213	2.202	2.068	1.693	2.262	1.457	2.776	2.107
Simpon指数	0.647	0.849	0.817	0.769	0.832	0.733	0.910	0.804
Pielou指数	0.344	0.513	0.521	0.362	0.686	0.459	0.649	0.531

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表 4 56株放线菌的功能酶活性

Tab. 4 Enzyme-producing activities of 56 actinomycetes

放线菌类群	产酶菌数
	脲酶	酯酶			过氧化氢酶	纤维素酶	蛋白酶	氧化酶	淀粉酶	几丁质酶	褐藻胶裂解酶	酶活菌株数
	脲酶	吐温20	吐温80	2种酯酶	过氧化氢酶	纤维素酶	蛋白酶	氧化酶	淀粉酶	几丁质酶	褐藻胶裂解酶	酶活菌株数
Agromyces	−	−	−	−	1	−	1	−	−	−	−	1
Brachybacterium	2	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	2
Brevibacterium	1	−	−	−	1	−	−	−	−	−	−	1
Cellulosimicrobium	−	1	−	1	1	−	−	−	−	−	−	1
Couchioplanes	−	−	−	−	−	1	−	−	−	−	−	1
Curtobacterium	1	4	1	4	4	3	5	−	2	1	1	5
Demequina	−	1	1	1	1	−	1	1	−	−	1	1
Gordonia	−	−	−	1	3	−	−	−	−	−	−	3
Janibacter	−	−	−	−	1	1	1	−	−	−	1	1
Kineococcus	−	−	−	−	1	−	−	−	−	−	−	1
Kocuria	−	−	−	−	1	−	−	−	−	−	−	1
Marmoricola	−	1	−	1	1	−	1	−	−	1	−	1
Microbacterium	−	3	2	3	4	2	2	1	1	−	1	5
Micrococcus	1	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	1
Micromonospora	−	−	−	−	2	2	1	−	−	−	−	3
Mycobacterium	−	1	1	2	1	−	−	−	−	−	−	2
Mycolicibacterium	−	−	1	1	4	1	−	−	−	−	−	6
Nocardioides	−	1	−	1	−	1	−	−	−	−	−	2
Paenarthrobacter	1	−	−	−	1	−	1	−	−	−	−	1
Plantactinospora	1	1	1	1	1	1	−	−	−	1	−	1
Pseudarthrobacter	1	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	1
Quadrisphaera	−	−	−	−	−	−	1	−	−	−	−	1
Rhodococcus	1	−	−	−	2	−	−	−	−	−	−	2
Streptomyces	3	5	6	9	6	5	10	−	1	2	1	13
注：−表示无功能酶活性。

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