钦州湾水交换能力数值模拟研究
Numerical simulation of water exchange in the Qinzhou Bay of China
-
摘要: 基于普林斯顿海洋模式(Princeton Ocean Model,POM),以M2、S2、K1、O1、M4和MS4 6个分潮为驱动,建立了包含漫滩处理的高分辨率钦州湾水动力模式。与现场观测的数据对比表明,该模式能较好地刻画钦州湾的水动力特征。在此基础上建立了水质模型,模拟钦州湾的水交换过程。模拟结果表明:钦州湾水交换能力整体上较强,整个湾平均的水体半交换时间约为18 d,水体平均存留时间为45 d。空间分布上,钦州保税港区以南海域水交换能力最强,半交换时间小于1 d;沿着水道向北,水交换能力逐渐减弱;茅尾海中部半交换时间为26~28 d;茅尾海的东、西、北3个部分存在水交换滞缓区,半交换时间超过50 d。数值实验表明,采用漫滩技术对准确模拟钦州湾潮流速度和水交换能力非常重要,不考虑漫滩过程会低估钦州湾的潮流速度和水体交换能力。水平扩散系数对流速及交换时间都有影响,但影响有限。Abstract: A hydrodynamic model that contains six main tidal components (i.e. M2, S2, K1, O1,M4, and MS4) and wet/dry process is developed based on Princeton Ocean Model (POM), and applied for the Qinzhou Bay of China. The simulated water elevations and current agree well with field observations. And on this basis, a dispersion model for water quality is established to invest ability of water exchange in this bay. Our model gives a mean half-life time of 18 days and mean residence time of 45 days, suggesting a relatively strong ability of water exchange. The half-life time is shortest and less than one day in the south of Qinzhou Bonded Port, but prolongs from southwest to northeast, in range of 26-28 days in the central Maowei Sea, and exceeds 50 days in the east, west and north of the Maowei Sea. The numerical experiments suggest that simulation without wet-dry process may underestimate velocity of tidal current and ability of water exchange in the Qinzhou Bay.
-
Key words:
- Qinzhou Bay /
- numerical simulation /
- dispersion model /
- water exchange /
- half-life time /
- mean residence time
-
中国海湾志编纂委员会. 中国海湾志(第十二分册)[M]. 北京:海洋出版社, 1993. Compiling Committee of Records of China Gulf. Records of China Gulf 12th Fascicule[M]. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1993 韦蔓新, 赖廷和, 何本茂. 钦州湾丰、枯水期营养状况变化趋势及其影响因素[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2003, 22(3):16-21. Wei Manxin, Lai Tinghe, He Benmao. Change trend of nutrient conditions and influencing factors during high and low water period in Qinzhou Bay[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2003, 22(3):16-21. 王聪, 林军, 陈丕茂, 等. 年平均风场作用下大亚湾水交换的数值模拟[J]. 上海海洋大学学报, 2009(3):351-358. Wang Cong, Lin Jun, Chen Pimao, et al. Numerical simulation of annual average wind's impact on water exchange in Daya Bay[J]. Journal of Shangshai Fisheries University, 2009(3):351-358. 赵亮, 魏皓, 赵建中. 胶州湾水交换的数值研究[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2002, 33(1):23-29. Zhao Liang, Wei Hao, Zhao Jianzhong. Numerical study on water exchange in Jiaozhou Bay[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2002, 33(1):23-29. 孙英兰, 张越美. 丁字湾物质输运及水交换能力研究[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 33(1):1-6. Sun Yinglan, Zhang Yuemei. A numerical model of pollutant transport and seawater exchange in Dingzi Bay[J]. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao, 2003, 33(1):1-6. 吕新刚, 赵昌, 夏长水, 等. 胶州湾水交换及湾口潮余流特征的数值研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2010, 32(2):20-30. Lü Xingang, Zhao Chang, Xia Changshui, et al. Numerical study of water exchange in the Jiaozhou Bay and the Tidal residual currents near the bay mouth[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2010, 32(2):20-30. 夏华永, 殷忠斌, 葛文标. 钦州湾物理自净能力研究[J]. 广西科学, 1996(2):65-70. Xia Huayong, Yin Zhongbin, Ge Wenbiao. A study on physical selfpurification of the Qinzhou Bay[J]. Guangxi Sciences, 1996(2):65-70. 蒋磊明, 陈波, 邱绍芳,等. 钦州湾潮流模拟及其纳潮量和水交换周期计算[J]. 广西科学, 2009(2):193-195. Jiang Leiming, Chen Bo, Qiu Shaofang, et al. Calculation of tidal prism and water exchange period and simulation of current about Qinzhou Bay[J]. Guangxi Sciences, 2009(2):193-195. Blumberg A F, Mellor G L. A description of a three-dimensional coastal ocean circulation model[J]. Three-dimensional Coastal Ocean Models, 1987, 4:1-16. 吕新刚, 乔方利, 夏长水. 胶州湾潮汐潮流动边界数值模拟[J]. 海洋学报, 2008, 30(4):21-29. Lü Xingang, Qiao Fangli, Xia Changshui. Numerical simulation of tides and three-dimensional tidal currents in Jiaozhou Bay by a movable land-sea boundary model[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2008, 30(4):21-29. Shan F, Qiao F L, Lü X G, et al. A numerical study of the wintertime double-warm-tongue structure in the Huanghai (Yellow) Sea[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica. 2009, 28(4):8-15. Mellor G L, Yamada T. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 1982, 20(4):851-875. Smagorinsky J. General circulation experiments with the primitive equations:I. the basic experiment[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 1963, 91(3):99-164. 方国洪,郑文振,陈宗镛,等. 潮汐和潮流的分析和预报[M].北京:海洋出版社,1986. Fang Guohong,Zheng Wenzhen, Chen Zongyong, et al. Analysis and Prediction of Tides and Tidal Currents[M]. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1986. 赵昌, 吕新刚, 乔方利. 北部湾潮波数值研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2010, 32(4):1-11. Zhao Chang, Lü Xingang, Qiao Fangli. Numerical study of the tidal waves in the Gulf of Tonkin[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2010,32(4):1-11. Oey L Y. A wetting and drying scheme for POM[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2005, 9(2):133-150. Oey L Y. An OGCM with movable land-sea boundaries[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2006, 13(2):176-195. Oey, L Y, Ezer T, Hu C, et al. Baroclinic tidal flows and inundation processes in Cook Inlet, Alaska:numerical modeling and satellite observations[J]. Ocean Dynamics, 2007, 57(3):205-221. Luff R, Pohlmann T. Calculation of water exchange times in the ICES-boxes with a eulerian dispersion model using a half-life time approach[J]. Ocean Dynamics, 1995, 47(4):287-299. Takeoka H. Fundamental concepts of exchange and transport time scales in a coastal sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1984, 3(3):311-326. 邱绍芳, 侍茂崇, 陈波. 钦州湾潮流特征分析[J]. 海洋通报, 2003, 22(3):9-14. Qiu Shaofang, Shi Maochong, Chen Bo. Analysis of tidal current characteristics in Qinzhou Bay[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2003, 22(3):9-14. 宋德海, 鲍献文, 朱学明. 基于FVCOM的钦州湾三维潮流数值模拟[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2009(2):7-14. Song Dehai, Bao Xianwen, Zhu Xueming. Three-dimensional simulation of tidal current in Qinzhou Bay[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2009(2):7-14. 李树华, 方龙驹. 钦州湾潮汐和潮流的变化特征[J]. 海岸工程, 1989, 8(3):39-45. Li Shuhua, Fang Longju. Distribution characterstics of tide and tidal current in Qinzhou Bay[J]. Coastal Engineerinc, 1989, 8(3):39-45.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 890
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 814
- 被引次数: 0