钦州湾水交换能力数值模拟研究

陈振华; 夏长水; 乔方利

钦州湾水交换能力数值模拟研究

1.
中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院, 山东青岛 266100;国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061;国家海洋局海洋环境科学和数值模拟国家海洋局重点实验室, 山东青岛 266061;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室, 山东青岛 266071
2.
国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061;国家海洋局海洋环境科学和数值模拟国家海洋局重点实验室, 山东青岛 266061;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室, 山东青岛 266071

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金委员会——山东省人民政府联合资助海洋科学研究中心项目（U1606405）；公益项目——印度洋海域海洋环境数值预报系统研制与示范（201005033-2）；广西教育厅科研项目——钦州湾水动力机制及水交换能力数值研究（201010LX444）。

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- 收稿日期: 2016-11-04

Numerical simulation of water exchange in the Qinzhou Bay of China

1.
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modelling(MASNUM), State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao 266071, China
2.
The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modelling(MASNUM), State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao 266071, China

摘要

摘要: 基于普林斯顿海洋模式（Princeton Ocean Model，POM），以M₂、S₂、K₁、O₁、M₄和MS₄ 6个分潮为驱动，建立了包含漫滩处理的高分辨率钦州湾水动力模式。与现场观测的数据对比表明，该模式能较好地刻画钦州湾的水动力特征。在此基础上建立了水质模型，模拟钦州湾的水交换过程。模拟结果表明：钦州湾水交换能力整体上较强，整个湾平均的水体半交换时间约为18 d，水体平均存留时间为45 d。空间分布上，钦州保税港区以南海域水交换能力最强，半交换时间小于1 d；沿着水道向北，水交换能力逐渐减弱；茅尾海中部半交换时间为26~28 d；茅尾海的东、西、北3个部分存在水交换滞缓区，半交换时间超过50 d。数值实验表明，采用漫滩技术对准确模拟钦州湾潮流速度和水交换能力非常重要，不考虑漫滩过程会低估钦州湾的潮流速度和水体交换能力。水平扩散系数对流速及交换时间都有影响，但影响有限。
- 钦州湾 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 水质模型 /
- 水交换能力 /
- 半交换时间 /
- 平均存留时间
Abstract: A hydrodynamic model that contains six main tidal components (i.e. M₂, S₂, K₁, O₁,M₄, and MS₄) and wet/dry process is developed based on Princeton Ocean Model (POM), and applied for the Qinzhou Bay of China. The simulated water elevations and current agree well with field observations. And on this basis, a dispersion model for water quality is established to invest ability of water exchange in this bay. Our model gives a mean half-life time of 18 days and mean residence time of 45 days, suggesting a relatively strong ability of water exchange. The half-life time is shortest and less than one day in the south of Qinzhou Bonded Port, but prolongs from southwest to northeast, in range of 26-28 days in the central Maowei Sea, and exceeds 50 days in the east, west and north of the Maowei Sea. The numerical experiments suggest that simulation without wet-dry process may underestimate velocity of tidal current and ability of water exchange in the Qinzhou Bay.
- Qinzhou Bay /
- numerical simulation /
- dispersion model /
- water exchange /
- half-life time /
- mean residence time

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参考文献(23)

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