天津厚蟹对盐度和温度的耐受性

徐敬明

天津厚蟹对盐度和温度的耐受性

徐敬明

重庆文理学院林学与生命科学学院, 重庆永州 402168

基金项目: 重庆文理学院引进人才专项(200803)。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-03-03
- 修回日期: 2013-06-30

Salinity and temperature tolerance of the mud-flat crab, Helice tientsinensis

Xu Jingming

College of Forestry and Life Science,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402168, China

摘要

摘要: 研究了天津厚蟹Helice tientsinensis对盐度和温度的耐受性。天津厚蟹对盐度的耐受能力极强，在温度9～34℃盐度为0的淡水介质中均能存活96 h以上;在10℃、20℃及30℃的高渗介质中暴露96 h后，天津厚蟹全部存活的盐度分别是65、56和50，全部死亡的盐度分别为83、74和68。天津厚蟹对低温的耐受力较强，在0、30和50盐度水平下，耐受低温的能力差别较大，能耐受96 h的最低温度分别是9℃、2℃和6℃。天津厚蟹对高温也有较强的耐受能力，在0、30和50盐度水平下，分别在34℃、36℃和35℃下能耐受96 h;盐度50温度38℃时，在开始的24 h内无死亡，但48 h后死亡率急剧上升，同样规律也出现在30和0溶液中，前者温度是39℃，后者为35℃。研究结果还表明盐度和温度的交互效应显著，二者的交互作用对天津厚蟹的存活亦有显著性影响(P<0.05)，温度升高(从10℃到20℃再到30℃)致使其耐盐能力显著下降，而盐度的剧烈变化(从30到50或从30到0)也致使其耐温能力显著下降。
- 天津厚蟹 /
- 盐度 /
- 温度 /
- 耐受性
Abstract: Helice tientsinensis burrow in the intertidal mudflats and estuaries especially in the high intertidal and supralittoral zones along the coast of northern China. The mature specimens were collected from Rongcheng, Weihai, China. The salinity and temperature tolerance of the mud-flat crab, Helice tientsinensis, were investigated in the laboratory. The salinity tolerance experiment was conducted at 10℃, 20℃ and 30℃. Ten salinity gradients including 65, 68, 71, 74, 77, 80, 83, 86, 89 and 92 at 10℃, and 56, 59, 62, 65, 68, 71, 74, 77, 80 and 83 at 20℃, and 50, 53, 56, 59, 62, 65, 68, 71, 74 and 77 at 30℃ were respectively designed according to the results of pretests. The temperature tolerance experiment was conducted at salinities of 0, 30 and 50. In the low temperature tolerance test, 6℃, 7℃, 8℃ and 9℃ at 0 salinity, and 0℃, 1℃, 2℃ and 3℃ at 30 salinity, and 3℃, 4℃, 5℃ and 6℃ at 50 salinity respectively designed according to the results of pretests. In the high temperature tolerance test, 34℃, 35℃, 36℃, 37℃ and 38℃ at 0 salinity, and 36℃, 37℃, 38℃, 39℃ and 40℃ at 30 salinity, and 35℃, 36℃, 37℃, 38℃ and 39℃ at 50 salinity respectively designed according to the results of pretests. All treatments were triplicated with ten crabs (16±2)g assigned for each replicate. The results demonstrated that Helice tientsinensis is very tolerant of extreme salinities, and is more tolerant of salinity than several other euryhaline crab species. The mud-flat crabs could survive 96 h in 0 solution at a temperature range of 9～34℃. In hyper-media, values of 96 h LS₅₀, 96 h survival rates of 100% and mortalities of 100% were 72.3, 63.2 and 57.8, and 65, 56 and 50,and 83,74 and 68 at 10℃, 20℃ and 30℃, respectively. Helice tientsinensis tolerate a broad range of temperature condition. The minimum and maximum temperatures that the crabs survived 96 h were 9℃, 2℃and 6℃, and 34℃, 36℃ and 35℃ in solutions of 0, 30 and 50, respectively. In thermal tolerance experiments, the crabs survived 24 h in solutions of 50, 30 and 0 at 38℃, 39℃ and 35℃, respectively, but a sharp rise in mortality of the crabs occurred after 48h of the tolerance experiments. The results showed that the interaction of salinity and temperature significantly affected the survival of Helice tientsinensis(P<0.05). Elevated temperature (range 10-30) decreased the crab's solute tolerance, and sharp changes of the salinity (range 30-50 or 30-0) decreased the crab's temperature tolerance.
- Helice tientsinensis /
- salinity /
- temperature /
- tolerance

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