连续台风对海表温度和海表高度的影响
Impacts of sequential typhoons on sea surface temperature and sea surface height in September 2008
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摘要: 利用多卫星观测资料,分析了2008年9月3个连续台风前后的海表温度(SST)和海表高度距平(SSHA)的时空变化特征,并探讨了影响其变化的主要因子。结果表明:(1)3个台风引起了强烈的上升流(1×10-5~150×10-5 m/s),海表显著降温(1~6 ℃),海表高度也有不同程度降低(10~50 cm);(2)台风引起的SST最大降温中心与SSHA负值或中尺度冷涡的区域中心十分吻合,同时台风使得先前存在的海洋中尺度冷涡得到加强;(3)同一区域台风对SST影响程度大小受台风的强度、移动速度以及台风对海面强迫时间等因素控制;(4)在原先SSHA为正值的海域,3个台风连续强迫下使得局地洋面形成一个SSHA为负值的中尺度涡,这与单一"打转"台风强迫海洋生成中尺度涡的现象不同。因此,对于西北太平洋海域而言,频发的台风在中尺度涡生消演变过程中的影响应不容忽视。Abstract: The spatio-temporal variations of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) induced by three sequential typhoons in September 2008 were investigated by using multi-satellite data.Possible factors influence SST and SSHA variations were discussed.The typhoon-induced strong upwelling (1×10-5-150×10-5m/s) caused extreme sea surface cooling (1-6 ℃) and significant SSHA decrease(10-50 cm).Besides, the typhoon-induced maximum SST cooling centers were closely associated with negative sea surface height (or mesoscale eddy) area.Furthermore, the results provide convincible evidences that the typhoon translation speed (or forcing time), typhoon intensity and pre-existing cold eddy may play important roles in this process.A cyclonic eddy emerged in the pre-existing positive SSHA area due to the three sequential typhoons forced jointly.This study implies that some typhoons, e.g., sequential typhoons passing over the same area, may play a notable role in ocean mesoscale eddies generating processes.
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Key words:
- typhoon /
- sea surface temperature /
- sea surface height /
- mesoscale eddy /
- forcing time
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