南海北部陆架陆坡区海流观测研究

何琦; 魏泽勋; 王永刚

南海北部陆架陆坡区海流观测研究

1.
国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061;中海油能源发展北京分公司, 北京 100016
2.
国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目"南海海气相互作用与海洋环流和涡旋演变规律"(2011CB403500);国家自然科学基金项目"中国近海及邻近海区海洋与地球潮汐相互作用研究"(40676009);国家自然科学青年基金项目"印尼海潮波和潮混合的分析和数值研究"(40606006)

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-05-18
- 修回日期: 2011-04-18

Study on the sea currents in the northern shelf and slope of the South China Sea based on the observation

1.
The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Beijing 100016, China
2.
The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China

摘要

摘要: 针对2006-2009年期间,南海北部陆架陆坡区3个站ADCP海流连续观测资料,采用功率谱分析、潮流调和分析方法,重点分析了陆架陆坡区100 m,200 m和1 200 m水深海域海流的垂向结构,探讨了环流的季节变化和空间分布特征,特别讨论了南海暖流和北陆坡流的时空变化特征。结果表明,陆架陆坡区潮流类型属于不规则日潮,深水站点中层表现为正规全日潮类型,垂向为"三层结构",甚至更加复杂。O₁,K₁,M₂,S₂等分潮总体上为顺时针旋转,在深水站点,基本表现为西北－东南走向的往复流形态。从能量角度看,表层和底层海流中,潮流所占份额较大,分别占30%~40%和40%~50%,中层较小,约为20%。对东沙群岛西南陆架陆坡区环流,观测计算结果证实了西向强流的存在,且垂向结构具有显著的季节变化,在200 m水深处没有明显的南海暖流,只是10~30 m以上层次存在逆风海流。海南岛以东海域连续15个月表层环流的结果表明,冬季明显受到南海暖流的影响,存在东北向的逆风海流,夏秋季的环流表现为西南向,流速较强,夏季也存在逆风情况,造成上述情形的原因可能是该地南海暖流的流轴具有季节性变化——冬季偏南,夏季偏北。
- 南海陆架陆坡区 /
- 海流 /
- 垂向结构 /
- 季节变化
Abstract: Based on ADCP data obtained from the northern shelf and slope of the South China Sea from 2006 to 2009, several analysis methods, including FFT Power spectral analysis, harmonic analysis of tidal current, decomposition of residential current and so on, have been applied to calculate the vertical structure, seasonal variation and spacial distribution of the velocity. The study on the sea currents refers to the south china sea warm current and Northern slope current spatiotemporal distribution. The results show the main tidal current pattern is irregular diurnal tide with regular diurnal tide in mid-deep layer of deep water area. Tidal current shows three-layers vertical structure. The ellipticity of current ellipse, such as O₁,K₁,M₂,S₂, are clockwise rotation and NW-SE reversing current in the deep sea station. Energy analysis shows that the current of upper and bottom layer are controlled by tidal current except for middle layer.The results based on observation approve western strong current exists and the vertical current structure has seasonal variation. It is not found the south china sea warm current in 200 m depth, however the winter upper layer current above 30 meters flows to NE. In winter the influence of the upper current is caused by the South China Sea warm current, in summer circulation towards southwest is prevailing and has strong current velocity. It is maybe results from the axis of the south china sea warm current is near to shelf in summer and far in winter.
- shelf and slope of the South China Sea /
- current /
- vertical structure /
- seasonal variation

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