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鲸类线粒体基因组特征分析及分子标记探讨

田美 申欣 孟学平 程汉良

田美, 申欣, 孟学平, 程汉良. 鲸类线粒体基因组特征分析及分子标记探讨[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(5): 104-114.
引用本文: 田美, 申欣, 孟学平, 程汉良. 鲸类线粒体基因组特征分析及分子标记探讨[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(5): 104-114.
TIAN Mei, SHEN Xin, MENG Xue-ping, CHENG Han-liang. Analysis of the characteristics of whales mitochondrial genomes and exploration of molecular markers[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2011, 33(5): 104-114.
Citation: TIAN Mei, SHEN Xin, MENG Xue-ping, CHENG Han-liang. Analysis of the characteristics of whales mitochondrial genomes and exploration of molecular markers[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2011, 33(5): 104-114.

鲸类线粒体基因组特征分析及分子标记探讨

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(40906067);江苏省海洋生物技术重点建设实验室基金(2009HS13);淮海工学院自然科学基金(Z2009048);江苏省"青蓝工程"人才基金。

Analysis of the characteristics of whales mitochondrial genomes and exploration of molecular markers

  • 摘要: 综合分析鲸类32个物种的线粒体基因组全序列,全面揭示了鲸类线粒体基因组的基本特征、蛋白质编码基因、选择压力和差异位点等。鲸类线粒体基因组均编码后生动物标准的37个基因。绝大多数鲸类线粒体基因组的基因排列顺序完全相同,而且与脊椎动物线粒体基因组的典型排列一致。4个类群(真露脊鲸属、须鲸属、原海豚属和宽吻海豚属)线粒体基因组的13个蛋白质编码基因的Ka/Ks比值介于0和0.587 7之间,均低于1,显示为纯化(负)选择。其中,cox3基因的Ka/Ks均值最低,其次为 cox1,cox2 和cob基因,说明这些基因承受较强的选择压力和功能束缚;而nad6基因的Ka/Ks均值最高,其次为atp8, nad2和atp6 基因,说明这些基因的选择压力较弱。从32种鲸类物种间和属内(真露脊鲸属、须鲸属、原海豚属和宽吻海豚属)线粒体基因组主编码基因(13个蛋白质编码基因和2个核糖体RNA基因)和D-loop区的变异位点分析显示,在鲸类群体遗传的研究中, nad5,nad4和nad2 基因是理想的分子标记,可以作为 cox1 基因辅助的分子标记,用于分析鲸类不同群体之间的遗传多样性,为其生物多样性的保护及其生物资源的合理利用提供参考。
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  • 收稿日期:  2010-05-18

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