副热带-热带太平洋密跃层水量交换年际变化的模拟研究

容新尧; 张人禾; 苏京志

副热带-热带太平洋密跃层水量交换年际变化的模拟研究

中国气象科学研究院, 北京100086

基金项目: 国家基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB816000);国家自然科学基金项目(40805037;40921003)。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1352
- HTML全文浏览量: 5
- PDF下载量: 1459
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-03-17

Numerical study of interannual variations of the subtropical-tropical pycnocline mass exchange in the Pacific Ocean

Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 10081,China

摘要

摘要: 利用一个全球海洋环流模式在3组风应力资料的强迫下模拟分析了副热带太平洋向热带太平洋密跃层水量输送的年际变化特征及其和风应力的关系,并设计数值试验,研究了密跃层水量输送的变化机制。结果表明,副热带太平洋向赤道太平洋的密跃层水量输送具有显著的年际变化。在年际时间尺度上,南北太平洋西边界密跃层水量输送都起着补偿内部路径输送的作用,两者具有反相变化关系,其中南太平洋西边界和内部路径水量输送的变率要强于北太平洋,同时南太平洋两条路径水量输送的反向相关关系以及补偿效应也比北太平洋显著,但北太平洋净的密跃层水量输送的变率要强于南太平洋。南北太平洋西边界和内部路径密跃层水量输送之间的反相变化主要归因于赤道外风应力旋度的变化及与之相联系的斜压Rossby波的传播。敏感性试验的结果表明,南北太平洋净的密跃层水量输送变化主要归因于赤道及其两侧纬向风的变化,赤道外风应力旋度变化引起的斜压Rossby波的传播对南北太平洋年际尺度的密跃层水量净输送贡献较小。
- STC /
- 密跃层 /
- 年际变化 /
- 海洋环流模式
Abstract: Interannual variations of the subtropical-tropical pycnocline mass exchange in the Pacific Ocean and its mechanisms are investigated by using a global oceanic general circulation model forcing with three wind stress datasets. The results show that the subtropical-tropical pycnocline mass exchange in the Pacific Ocean varies significantly on interannual time scales, and the variation of the interior pycnocline transport is found to be anticorrelated to the boundary pycnocline transport and the former is generally compensated by the latter. Comparison between two hemispheres shows that the variabilities of boundary and interior transports of southern hemisphere are more pronounced than those of northern hemisphere, also the correlation coefficients and compensation rate between boundary and interior transports of southern hemisphere are larger than those of northern hemisphere, but the variability of the net transport of southern hemisphere is smaller than that of northern hemisphere. In both hemispheres, the counteracting tendency of the boundary and interior transports is primarily due to the propagation of baroclinic Rossby waves induced by the changes of the off-equatorial wind stress curl. The sensitive experiments show that the net pycnocline transports in both the northern and southern hemisphere are mainly attributed to the variability of near-equatorial zonal wind stress, whereas the effect of the propagation of baroclinic Rossby waves only plays a second role and could not results in such a compensation rate in each hemisphere.
- STC /
- pycnocline /
- interannual variability /
- OGCM

HTML全文

参考文献(39)

王启,刘秦玉.太平洋副热带经圈环流的研究[J]. 中国科学基金,2000(1): 1-5.

GU D F, PHILANDER S G H. Interdecadal climate fluctuations that depend on exchanges between the tropics and extratropics[J]. Science, 1997,275:805-807.

ZHANG R H, ROTHSTEIN L M, BUSALACCHI A J. Origin of warming and El Nino change on decadal scales in the tropical Pacific Ocean[J]. Nature, 1998,391:879-883.

KLEEMAN R, McCREARY J P, KLINGER B A. A mechanism for generating ENSO decadal variability[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 1999,26:1743-1746.

SOLOMON A, McCREARY J P Jr, Kleeman R, et al. Interannual and decadal variability in an intermediate coupled model of the Pacific region[J]. J Climate, 2003, 16: 383-405.

McCREARY J P, LU P. Interaction between the subtropical and equatorial ocean circulations: The subtropical cell[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 1994, 24: 466-497.

LIU Z. A simple model of the mass exchange between the subtropical and tropical ocean[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 1994, 24:1153-1165.

LU P, McCREARY J P Jr. Influence of the ITCZ on the flow of the thermocline water from the subtropical to the equatorial Pacific Ocean[J].J Phys Oceanogr, 1995, 25: 3076-3088.

王东晓,刘征宇.太平洋年代际海洋变率的信号通道[J]. 科学通报,2000, 45: 808-815.

赵珊珊, 杨修群, 朱益民, 等.热带外太平洋通过海洋过程对热带太平洋的影响[J]. 海洋学报, 2006, 28:29-40.

DESER C, BLACKMON M. On the relationship between tropical and North Pacific sea surface temperature variations[J]. J Climate, 1995, 8: 1677-1680.

SCHNEIDER N, MILLER A J, ALEXANDER M A,et al. subduction of decadal North Pacific temperature anomalies: Observations nd dynamics[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 1999, 29: 1056-1070.

NONAKA M, XIE S-P. Propagation of North Pacific interdecadal subsurface temperature anomalies in an ocean GCM[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2000, 27: 3747-3750.

STEPHENS M, LIU Z, YANG H. Evolution of subduction planetary waves with application to North Pacific decadal thermocline variability[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 2001: 31: 1733-1745.

McPHADEN M J, ZHANG D. Slowdown of the meridional overturning circulation in the upper Pacific Ocean[J]. Nature, 2002:415: 603-608.

WANG X, JIN F-F, WANG Y. A tropical ocean recharge mechanism for climate variability. Part Ⅰ: Equatorial heat content changes induced by the off-equatorial wind[J]. J Climate, 2003: 16, 3585-3598.

NONAKA M, XIE S-P, McCREARY J. Decadal variations in the subtropical cells and equatorial Pacific SST[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2002: 29, 1116, doi: 10.1029/2001GL013717.

KLINGER B A, McCREARY J P, Kleeman R. The relationship between oscillating subtropical wind stress and equatorial temperature[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 2002, 32: 1507-1521.

LUKAS R. Interannual fluctuations of the Mindanao Current inferred from sea level[J]. J Geophys Res,1988, 93: 6744-6748.

HUANG R X, WANG Q. Interior Communication from the subtropical to the tropical Oceans[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 2001, 31: 3538-3550.

SPRINGER S R, McPHADEN M J, Busalacchi A J. Oceanic heat content variability in the tropical Pacific during the 1982 1983 El Niño[J]. J Geophys Res, 1990, 95: 22089-22101.

LEE T, FUKUMORI I. Interannual-to-decadal variations of tropical subtropical exchange in the Pacific Ocean: Boundary versus interior pycnocline transports[J]. J Climate, 2003, 16: 4022-4042.

CAPOTONDI A, ALEXANDER M A. Anatomy and decadal evolution of the Pacific subtropical-tropical cells(STCs)[J]. J Climate, 2005, 18: 3739-1758.

PACANOWSKI R C. MOM2 Documentation . GFDL Ocean Technical Report 3.2., 1996:329.

PACANOWSKI R C, PHILANDER G. Parameterization of vertical mixing in numerical models of the tropical ocean[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 1981,11:1442-1451.

LARGE G Danasbogulu, McWILLIAMS J C, GENT P R,et al. Equatorial circulation of a global ocean climate model with anisotropic viscosity[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 2001,31: 518-536.

DA SILVA A M, YOUNG C C, LEVITUS S. Atlas of Surface Marine Data 1994 . NOAA Atlas NESDIS 7, 1994:416.

HANEY R L. Surface thermal boundary condition for ocean circulation models[J].J Phy Oceanogr, 1971(1): 241-248.

LEVITUS S. Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean . NOAA Professional Paper 13, 1982: 173.

KALNAY E, KANAMITSU M, KISTLER R, et al. The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project[J]. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 1996,77: 437-471.

SIMMONS A J, GIBSON J K. ERA-40 Project plan . ERA-20 Project Rep. 1, ECMWF, 2000:62 .

WIJFFELS S E. Exchange between hemispheres and gyres: A direct approach to the mean circulation of the equatorial Pacific . Ph.D. thesis, Publ. WHOI-93-42, MIT WHOI Joint Program, 1993:294.

HUANG B, LIU Z. Pacific subtropical tropical thermocline water exchange in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction ocean model[J]. J Geophys Res, 1999,104: 11065-11076.

JOHNSON G C, McPHADEN M J. Interior pycnocline flow from the subtropical to the equatorial Pacific Ocean[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 1999, 29: 3073-3089.

SLOYAN B M, JOHNSON G C, KESSLER W S. The Pacific cold tongue: A pathway for interhemispheric exchange[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 2003, 33(5): 1027-1043.

CHENG W, McPHADEN M J, ZHANG D,et al. Recent changes in the Pacific subtropical cells inferred from an eddy-resolving ocean circulation model[J]. J Climate, 2007, 37: 1340-1356.

SCHOTT F A, WANG W, STAMMER D. Variability of the Pacific subtropical cells in the 50-year ECCO assimilation[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2007,34, L05604, doi: 10.1029/2006GL028478.

SCHOTT F A, STRAMMA L, WANG W, et al. Pacific subtropical cell variability in the SODA 2.0.2/3 assimilation[J].Geophys Res Lett, 2008,35, L10607, doi: 10.1029/2008GL033757.

ZHANG D, McPHADEN M J. Decadal variability of the shallow Pacific Meridional overturning circulation: Relation to tropical sea surface temperatures in observations and climate change models[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2006,15:250-273.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计