热带气旋生成机制的研究进展

张庆红; 郭春蕊

热带气旋生成机制的研究进展

北京大学物理学院大气科学系, 北京, 100871

基金项目: 国家科技部“973”项目(2004CB41830);国家自然科学基金(40675022);国家气象局台风专项;国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAC02B01)

计量
- 文章访问数: 993
- HTML全文浏览量: 14
- PDF下载量: 2781
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2007-11-28
- 修回日期: 2008-05-06

Overview of the studies on tropical cyclone genesis

Department of Atmospheric Science, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

摘要

摘要: 由于热带海洋上观测资料的稀缺和热带气旋系统本身发生发展的复杂性,热带气旋生成机制的研究领域至今仍然存在很多未解之谜。半个多世纪以来,科学工作者们利用有限的船舶、探空仪、雷达、卫星、飞机等观测资料以及数值天气模式,对热带气旋生成的气候背景场、扰动源和触发机制做了大量研究。介绍了近50年来国内外热带气旋生成机制的主要研究成果,总结了该领域的研究进展及其存在的优势和不足,指出热带气旋生成机制研究中依然存在的问题,同时展望了该领域未来的发展方向。
- 热带气旋 /
- 生成 /
- 气候背景场 /
- 扰动源 /
- 触发机制
Abstract: The mechanisms of tropical cyclone genesis remain enigmatic and contr oversial,because of the lack of observations over the tropical oceans and the complexities of tropical cyclone lifecycle.Since 1950's,meteorologists have done lots of jobs to investigate the nature of environment,external fo rcing and trigger mechanism of tropical cyclone formation using limited observations and numerical simulations.Some important progress on tropical cyclone genesis all over the world during recent 50 years is reviewed in this paper.In addition,the advantages and shortcomings of each viewpoint,the remaining questions and what should be focused on in the future are discussed.
- tropical cyclone /
- genesis /
- climatological background /
- pre-storm disturbance /
- trigger

HTML全文

参考文献(73)

Homeland Security.The Federal Response to Hurricane Katrina:Lessons learned[R/OL].http://www.whitehouse.gov/reports/kat-rina-lessons-learned/,2006.

陈玉林.登陆我国台风研究概述[J].气象科学,2005,25(3):319-329.

国家减灾委员会办公室.2006年度全国"十大自然灾害事件"[J].中国减灾,2007(1):28-31.

陈联寿.登陆热带气旋研究的进展[J].气象学报,2004,62(5):541-549.

GRAY W M.Global view of the origin of tropical disturbances and storms[J].Mon wea Rev,1968,96(10):669-700.

PALMEN E.On the formation and structure of tropical hurricanes[J].Geophysica,1948,3:26-39.

李宪之.论台风[M].北京:气象出版社,1983:19-28,100-112.

GRAY W M.The formation of tropical cyclones[J].Meteorol Atmos Phys,1998.67:37-69.

LANDSEA C W,GRAY W M,JR P W,et al.Seasonal forecasting of Atlantic hurricane activity[J].Weather,1994,49:273-284.

NICHOLLS N.A possible method of predicting seasonal tropical cyclone activity in the Australian region[J].Mon Wea Rev,1979,107:1221-1224.

NICHOLLS N.Recent performance of a method for forecasting Australian seasonal tropical cyclone activity[J].Austral Meteor Mag,1992,40:105-110.

WEBSTER P J,HOLLAND G J,CURRY J A,et al.Changes in tropical cyclone number,duration,and intensity in a warming environment[J].Science,2005,309:1844-1846.

EMANUEL K A.Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years[J].Nature,2005,436:686-688.

MANN M E,EMANUEL K A.Atlantic hurricane trends linked to climate change[J].EOS,2006,87:233-244.

WILLIAM M F.External influences on formation[R]//Topic Report at the Sixth WMO International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-Ⅵ),2006:261-265.

McBRIDE J,ZEHR R.Observational analysis of tropical cyclone formation.Part Ⅱ:Comparison of Non-developing versus developing system[J].J Atmos Sci,1981,38:1132-1151.

BERGERON T.The problem of tropical hurricanes[J].Quart J Roy Meteor Soc,1954,80:131-164.

McBRIDE J.Observational analysis of tropical cyclone formation.Part Ⅲ:Budget analysis[J].J Atmos Sci,1981,38:1152-1166.

RIEHL H.A model of hurricane formation[J].J Appl Meteor,1950,9:917-925.

AVILA L A.Atlantic tropical system of 1990[J].Mon Wea Rev,1991,119:2027-2033.

LANDSEA C W.A climatology of intense(or major)Atlantic hurricanes[J].Mon Wea Rev,1993,121:1703-1713.

BURPEE R W.The origin and structure of easterly waves in the lower troposphere of North Afric[J].J Atmos Sci,1972,29:77-90.

SHAPIRO L J.Tropical storm formation from easterly waves:A criterion for development[J].J Atmos Sci,1977,34:1007-1021.

MOLINARY J,VOLLARO D,SKUBIS S,et al.Origins and mechanisms of Eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis:A case study[J].Mon Wea Rev,2000,128:125-139.

伍荣生,徐亚梅.南半球冷空气入侵与热带气旋的形成[J].气象学报,2003,61(5);540-547.

MADDENR,JULIANP.Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in the zonal wind in the tropical Pacific[J].J Atmos Sci,1971,28:702-708.

MADDEN R,JULIAN P.Description of global-scale circulation cells in the tropics with a 40-50 day period[J].J Atmos Sci,1972,29:1109-1123.

ZHANG C Madden-julian oscillation[J].Reviews of Geophysics,2005,43:1-36.

MALONEY E D,HATRMANN D L The madden-julian oscillation,barotropic dynamics,and North Pacific tropical cyclone formation.PartⅠ:Observations[J].J Atmos Sci,2001,58:2545-2558.

SADLER J L.A role of the tropical upper tropospheric trough in early season typhoon development[J].Mon Wea Rev,1976,104:1266-1278.

SADLER J L.Mid-season typhoon development and intensity changes and the tropical upper tropospheric trough[J].Mon Wea Rev,1978,106:1137-1152.

SCHUBERT W H,HACK J J,SILVA DIAS P L,et al.Geostrophic adjustment in an axisymmetric vortex[J].J Atmos Sci,1980,37:1464-1484.

OOYAMA K V.Conceptual evolution of the theory and modeling of the tropical cyclone[J].J Met Soc Japan,1982,60:369-380.

FRITCH J M,MURPHY J D,KAIN J S.Warm core vortex amplification over land[J].J Atmos Sci,1994,51:1780-1807.

陈联寿,丁一汇.西太平洋台风概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1979:64-145.

LOVE G.Cross-equatorial influence of winter hemisphere subtropical cyclone cold surges[J].Mon Wea Rev,1985,113:1487-1498.

王允宽,刘俊清,黄中华.台风形成中冷空气作用的模拟实验[J].大气科学,1988,12(4):374-381.

RIEHL H.Tropical Meteorology[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1954:392.

MALKUS J S,RIEHL H.On the dynamics and energy transformation in steady-state hurricanes[J].Tellus,1960,12:1-20.

YANAI M.Formation of rropical cyclone[J].Rev Geophys,1964,2:367-414.

CHARNEY J G.A further note on large-scale motions in the tropics[J].J Atmos Sci,1969,26:182-185.

CHARNEY J G,ELIASSEN A.On the growth of the hurricane depression[J].J Atmos Sci,1964,21:68-75.

EMANUEL K A.An air-sea Interaction theory for tropical cyclone.Part Ⅰ:Steady state maintenance[J].J Atmos Sci,1986,43:585-604.

EMANUEL K A.A century of scientific progress an evaluation.Hurricanes! Coping with disaster[J].Washington D C:Amer Geophy Union,2003:177-204.

RITCHIE E A,SIMPSON J,LIU W T,et al.Present day satellite technology for hurricane research.A closer look at formation and intensification.Hurricane! Coping with disaster[J].Washington D C:Amer Geophy Union,2003:249-289.

浙江省气象台.关于近海台风发生发展的几点看法[C]//台风会议文集.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1976:107.

吴迪生,赵雪,冯伟忠,等.南海灾害性土台风统计分析[J].热带气象学报,2005,21(3):300-314.

黄耀荣,李曾中,孙除荣.南北半球台风形成的物理场特征对比分析[J].热带气象学报,2002,18(2):131-138.

徐亚梅,伍荣生.热带气旋碧丽斯(2000)发生的数值模拟:非对称流的发展及转换[J].大气科学,2005,29(1):79-90.

CHANG C P,CHING-HWANG Liu1,HUNG-CHI Kuo.Typhoon vamei:An equatorial tropical cyclone formation[J].Geo Res Let,2003,30:1151-1154.

FARFAN L M,ZEHNDER J A.Orographic influence on the synoptic-scale circulations associated with the genesis of hurricane guillermo(1991)[J].Mon Wea Rev,1997,125:2683-2698.

ZEHNSER J A,POWELL D M.The interaction of easterly waves,orography,and the intertropical convergence zone in the genesis of Eastern Pacific tropical cyclones[J].Mon Wed Rev,1999,127:1566-1585.

LEE C S,EDSON R,GRAY W M.Some large-scale characteristics associated with tropical cyclone development in the North Indian Ocean during FGGE[J].Mon Wed Rev,1989,117:407-426.

张婉佩.西北太平洋,南海热带扰动发展与不发展的对比分析[C]//台风会议文集.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1978:240.

CHEN S,FRANK W M.A numerical study of the genesis of extratropical convective mesovortices.PartⅠ:Evolution and Dynamics[J].J Atmos Sci,1993,50:2401-2426.

RITCHE E A,HOLLAND G J.Scale interaction during the formation of typhoon irving[J].Mon Wea Rev,1997,125:1377-1396.

GUINN T A,SCHUBERT W H.Hurricane spiral bands[J].J Atmos Sci,1993,50:3380-3403.

REASOR P D,MONTGOMERY M T,BOSART L F.Mesoscale observations of the genesis of hurricane dolly(1996)[J].J Atmos Sci,2005,62:3151-3171.

MONTGOMERY M T,ENAGONIO J.Tropical cyclongenesis via convectively forced vortex Rossby wave in a three-dimensional quasigeostropic model[J].J Atmos Sci,1998,55:3176-3207.

朱晓金,张庆红.南海台风LEO₁999的加强机制研究[J].北京大学学报,2007,43(3):325-329.

VENKATESH T N,MATHEW J.Prediction of tropical cyclone genesis using a vortex merge index[J].Geo Phy Let,2004.31:L04105.

马卫民,吴晓彤,陈信雄.台风生成的卫星云图特征[J].海洋预报,2000,17(3):1-10.

SIMPSON J,RITCHIE E A,HOLLAND G J,et al.Mesoscale interaction in tropical cyclone genesis[J].Mon Wed Rev,1997,125:2643-2661.

ZEHR R M.Tropical cyclogenesis in the Western North Pacific[R]//NOAA Tech.Rep.NESDIS 61,1992:181.

RITCHIE E A,HOLLAND G J.Large-scale patterns associated with tropical cyclogenesis in the Western Pacific[J].Mon Wea Rev,1999,127:2027-2043.

FU B,LI T,PENG M S,et al.Analysis of tropical cyclogenesis in the western north Pacific for 2000 and 2001[J].Weather and Forcasting,2007,22:763-780.

李崇银.厄尔尼诺与西太平洋台风活动[J].科学通报,1984,14:1087-1089.

王会军,范可.西北太平洋台风生成频次与南极涛动的关系[J].科学通报,2006,21:2910-2914.

王会军,孙建奇,范可.北太平洋涛动与台风和飓风频次的关系的研究[J].中国科学(D辑),2007,37:966-973.

范可.西北太平洋台风生成频次的新预测因子和新预测模型[J].中国科学(D辑),2007,37:1260-1266.

WANG L,LAU K H,FUNG C H,et al.The relative vorticity of ocean surface winds from the QuikSCAT satellite and its effects on the geneses of tropical cyclones in the South China Sea[J].Tellus,2007,59A:562-569.

SHEN W,ZHOU Jia-ling,MA Jing-xian,et al.Study on the interaction of non-axisymmetric binary vortices[J].Acta Meteorologica Siniea,2007,21:290-301.

KEVIN J TORY AND MICHAEL T.Montgomery.Internal influences on tropical cyclone formation[R]//Topic Report at the Sixth WMO Interrational Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-Ⅵ),2006:266-287.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计