摘要:
利用2002年东南极Princess Elizabeth冰盖自动气象梯度观测点获得的近地层气象资料,分析了冰盖上的感热通量、潜热通量、大气稳定度、整体输送系数及有关气象要素特征,并与中山站同期的的气象要素进行了对比分析.结果表明,由于两站的海拔高度及地理位置的差异,LGB69站的年平均气温为-25.6℃,比中山站低16.4℃,进入内陆每10km,海拔高度上升约110m,温度下降约1℃.南极内陆冰盖的湍流热通量具有明显的年变化,感热通量年平均值为-17.9W/m2,潜热通量为-0.9W/m2,年平均冷源强度(Qh+Qe)为-18.8W/m2,表明地表从大气吸收热量.LGB69站近地层大气以近中性层结为主,中性层结下的整体输送系数为2.6×10-3,当风速大于8m/s后,整体输送系数趋于常数.LGB69站是南极地区典型下降风区,年平均风速比中山站大2.0m/s,其下降风出现的风向频和风速均大于中山站.
Abstract:
The meteorological parameters near the surface layer from AWS on the Antarctic ice sheet in Princess Elizabeth L and East Antarctica in 2002 were used to investigate the characteristics of meteorological factors including sensible heat flux(Qh),lat ent heat flux(Qe),Richardson number(Ri),bulk transport cofficient(Cd) ect;,and compare them with meteorological factors for the corresponding period at Zhongshan Station.It shows that the annual air temperature at LGB69 Station is-25.6℃,and 16.4℃ lower than of Zhongshan Station,because of their difference in altitude and position.The tem perature lapse rate is about 1℃/110 m for the initial from coast to inland.The turbulence flux of Antarctic ice sheet displays an obvious seasonal variation,the average sensible heat flux is -17.9 W/m2 and the average latent heat flux is -0.9 W/m2,the heat source int ensity(Qh+Qe) is -18.8 W/m2,which means the surface obtains energy from atmosphere.The nearsurface at mosphere is controlled by near-neutral stratifications in which bulk transport cofficient(Cd) is 2.8×10-3,and it is constant when the wind speed surpass 10 m/s.There is the typical source of the katabatic wind at LGB69,where speed is 2m/s higher than that of Zhongshan Station and higher frequency than that of Zhong shan Station.
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