海上石油开采导致生态环境变化实例研究

马媛; 高振会; 杨应斌; 贾永刚; 孙培艳

海上石油开采导致生态环境变化实例研究

1.
中国海洋大学, 环境科学与工程学院, 山东青岛 266003
2.
国家海洋局, 北海监测中心, 山东青岛 266003

基金项目: 国家海洋局重点科技建设基金资助项目——海洋油气勘探开发海域环境变化与影响研究;国家海洋局重点基金资助课题——油指纹库关键技术研究——特征信息提取及鉴别技术研究.

计量
- 文章访问数: 705
- HTML全文浏览量: 14
- PDF下载量: 1185
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2005-04-06
- 修回日期: 2005-07-01

Eco-environment changes in the Chengbei Oil Field due to the marine petroleum exploration

1.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
2.
North China Sea Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266003, China

摘要

摘要: 根据1996年8月和2003年8月对埕北油田邻近海域的调查资料,对海水中溶解氧(DO)、化学耗氧量(COD)、油类和重金属的含量,沉积物中重金属、油类、有机物、硫化物的含量以及海水与底床中生物种类、数量和密度,进行历史变化趋势分析与现状评价,结果表明,海水中石油浓度有所上升,沉积物受到了铜的污染且油类浓度持续上升,底栖生物环境已属非健康状态,底栖生物受到石油烃污染.
- 石油开采 /
- 海洋 /
- 生态环境 /
- 污染 /
- 埕北油田
Abstract: On the basis of data obtained during field observation in the Chengbei Oil Field and its adjacent sea areas in August 1996 and 2003,the concent ration of DO,COD,oil and heavy metals in the seawater,content of heavy metals,oil,organic matter and sulfide levels in the surface sediments,numbers of species,biomass and abundance of marine or ganisms are studied.Assessing the marine ecological environment,and analyzing the variation trend,the results indicate that petroleum exploration led to the decline of the ecological environmental quality in the area.It is found that the concent ration of oil in seaw ater rose obviously in the past years.The copper content is high enough to contaminate the surface sediments,while the oil concent ration increases continually.The bottom habitat is unhealthy and the benthos is contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons.
- petroleum ex ploration /
- ocean /
- ecological environment /
- contamination /
- Chengbei Oil Field

HTML全文

参考文献(26)

DOUGLAS A H.The acute and chronic effects of wastes associated with offshore oil and gas production on the temperate and tropical marine ecological processes[J].Marine pollution Bulletin,2002,44(3):185-203.

ALASTAIR G,ANDREW D B.Toxicity of sediments from around a North Sea oil platform:are metals or hydrocarbons responsible for ecological impacts? [J].Marine Environmental Research,2002,53 (1):95- 116.

KINGSTON P F.Impact of offshore oil production installations on the benthos of the North Sea[J].ICBS Journal of Marine Science,1992,49:45-53.

IRVINE G V,MANN D T,SHORTS J W.Multi-year persistence of oil mousse on high energy beaches distant from the Exxon Valdez spill origin[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,1999,38 (7):572-584.

BURNS K A,GARRITY S D,LEVINGS S C.The Bahia Ias Minas oil spill:hydrocarbon uptake by reef building corals[J].Marin Pollution Bulletin,1989,20(8):391-398.

ALVAREZ M E,PINE IRO M A,LAGE YUSTY,et al.Aliphatic hydrocarbon levels in turbot and salmon farmed close to the site of the Aegean Sea oil spill[J].Bull Environ Contam Toxicol,1996,57(5):811-815.

BIRTWELL I K,FINK R,BRAND D,et al.Survival of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fry to adulthood following a 10-day exposure to the aromatic hydrocarbon water-soluble fraction of crude oil and release to the Pacific Ocean[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1999,56(11):2 087-2 098.

GULEC I.Evaluation of toxicity of drilling fluids and their impact on marine environment[D].M Eng:University of New South Wales,1994.

HARTWELL S I,DAWSON C E,DURELL E Q,et al.Integrated measures of ambient toxicity and fish community diversity in Chesapeake Bay tributaries[J].Ecotoxicology,1998,7 (1):19-35.

GULEC I,HOLDWAY D A.Evaluation of toxicity of drilling fluids and their impact on marine environment[D].University of New South Wales,1994.

PLASMAN C.The state of the marine environment of the North Sea and of the Baltic Sea:a comparison in relation to dangerous substances[J].Coastal Law,1998,13 (3):325-336.

田立杰,张瑞安.海洋油污染对海洋生态环境的影响[J].海洋湖沼通报,1999,2:65-69.

曲维政,邓声贵.灾难性的海洋石油污染[J].自然灾害学报,2001,2:69-74.

沈竑,张勤,徐韧,等.石油污染对莫桑比克罗非鱼血清酶活性的影响[J].海洋学报,1998,20(4):60-65.

崔毅,林庆礼,吴彰宽,等.石油地震勘探对海洋生物及海洋环境的影响研究[J].海洋学报,1996,18(4):125-130.

GB12763.4-1991,海洋调查规范[S].

GB17378-1998,海洋监测规范[S].

GB3097-1997,海水水质标准[S].

李淑媛,刘国贤,苗丰民.渤海沉积物中重金属分布及环境背景值[J].中国环境科学,1994,10:370-376.

GB18668-2002,海洋沉积物质量[S].

杨作升,王涛.埕岛油田勘探开发海洋环境[M].青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1993.935-939.

RABALAIS N N,MCKEE B A,REED J,et al.Fate and effects of produced water discharges in coastal Louisiana,Gulf of Mexico,USA[A].Produced Water:Technological/Environmental Issues and Solutions[C].New York:Plenum Press,1992.355-369.

NEFF J M,SAUER JR,MACIOLEK N.Composition,fate and effects of produced water discharges to nearshore marine waters [A].RAY J P,ENGELHARDT F R.Produced Water:Technological/Environmental Issues and Solutions[C].New York:Plenum Press,1992.371-385.

MIEHELLE M G,NORMAN A R,MOORE M N,et al.Immune inhibition in marine mussels by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon [J].Marine Environment Research,1996,42(1-2):183-186.

杨丰华,程树军,魏社林,等.石油开发污染物毒性监测的实验生物筛选.Ⅰ.钻井泥浆对水生动物的毒性比较[J].湛江海洋大学学报,1998,18(3):18-22.

庄栋法,蔡子平,陈孝琳,等.柴油在底泥中的行为及其对底栖生物群落的影响[J].海洋学报,1995,17(4):107-111.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计