赤道太平洋次表层海温异常年际和年代际变率特征与ENSO循环
The characteristics of interannual and interdecadal variability of equatorial Pacific Ocean temperature anomalies and ENSO cycle
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摘要: 用美国马里兰大学提供的海洋同化(SODA)月平均资料,分析了赤道太平洋次表层海温异常年际和年代际变率的演化特征,讨论了它们对ENSO循环的影响.结果指出,赤道太平洋次表层海温异常年际和年代际变率具相似的ENSO模分布和演变过程,二者均以赤道西太平洋暖池次表层海温显著的异常中心与赤道东太平洋表层海温异常中心显著反号为主要分布特征,其演变过程通过赤道西太平洋暖池次表层海温异常中心沿海洋气候温跃层向东向上传播来完成.赤道西太平洋暖池次表层海温异常年际变率决定了ENSO循环,年代际变率对ENSO循环也有重要影响,其影响主要在中太平洋, 造成ENSO模的年代际变化.当年代际变率处于正常状态时,ENSO循环基本上是东部型冷暖事件之间的转换;当年际和年代际变率位相相同时,ENSO事件强度将会加强和持续,并出现中部型ENSO事件;当二者位相相反时, ENSO事件强度将会减弱.
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关键词:
- ENSO循环 /
- 赤道太平洋次表层海温异常 /
- 年际和年代际变率
Abstract: Based on the simple ocean data assimilation(SODA)data set from the University of Mary land, the characteristics of interannual and interdecadal variability of equat rial Pacific subsurface ocean temperature anomalies(SOTA)w ere analyzed,and its impacts on ENSO cycle were discussed.The results show that,the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of equatorial SOTA have similar spatial distribution and evolution processes as ENSO mode.Both of them have major spatial distribution with the obvious SOTA center in the equatorial western Pacific warm pool and obvious opposite SOTA center in the equatorial eastern Pacific,and then the center in the warm pool propagates east ward and upward along the ocean climatic thermo cline,ENSO events happen when the center reaches east coast of equatorial Pacific.The interannual variability of SOT Ain the equatorial Pacific has decisive effects on the ENSO cycle,it has close relations to nino3 index.The in erdecadal variability of SOT A,which mainly affects on the SOTA in middle equatorial Pacific,also has some important influence on the ENSO cycle,it causes ENSO mode interdecadal variation.When the interdecadal variation is in normal condition,ENSO cycle mainly is the transfer between different types of eastern pattern ENSO events;when the interannual and interdecadal variabilities are in phase,ENSO events will strengthen or occur central pattern events;when the two variabilities are out of phase,ENSO events will weaken. -
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