浙江近海潮汐潮流的数值模拟
Numerical simulation of tide and tidal currents in the seas adjacent to Zhejiang
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摘要: 用三维陆架海模式(HAMSOM)对浙江近海的潮汐、潮流进行了数值模拟,并采用网格嵌套和动边界技术对原模式作了改进,以提高计算的精度,改进后的模式在浙江近海的应用中被证明是成功的.沿岸50个潮位站计算与实测值的比较表明,加入动边界以后的小区域细网格计算较之粗网格以及未加动边界以前精度普遍提高,比较的均方差结果为:M2分潮振幅差4.6cm,相角差7.14°;S2分潮振幅差5.0cm,相角差5.4°;K1分潮振幅差2.25cm,相角差5.76°;O1分潮振幅差1.56cm,相角差5.5°,可见计算与实测符合良好.另外,选取了105个实测潮流点,比较了表层M2和K1分潮流调和常数分量Ucosξ,Usinξ,Vcosη,Vsinη的实测值与计算值的偏差,结果表明计算与实测的符合程度较好.在此基础上,给出了各主要分潮的潮位同潮图、潮流同潮图、潮汐性质、潮流性质、潮流椭圆和潮流的运动形式等,发现4个主要分潮M2,S2,K1,O1在本区内均未出现无潮点;M2分潮流在29°18'N,122°46'E处有一个圆流点.此外还得到了一些有意义的结论,都与实测情况符合良好,从而对整个浙江沿海区域的潮汐潮流特性有了一个全面认识.Abstract: By means of three-dimensional baroclinic primitive equation model——Hamburg shelf ocean model (HAMSOM),the tide and tidal currents in the seas adjacent to Zhejiang are simulated.Furthermore,the original model is improved by two numerical technologies——nested grid and moving boundary method,which are introduced to increase the computational precision.The improved mode is proved to be successful while it is applied to the seas adjacent to Zhejiang.Comparing the computed values with those of 50 tidal observatories,it is found that the computational precision with fine grids and moving boundary is generally higher than that with coarse grids or fixed boundary.The root-mean-square values of comparative results show that the difference between the simulated and the observed amplitudes of M2 constituent is only 4.6 cm,the difference of phase-lags is 7.14°;the difference of amplitudes and phase-lags of S2 constituent are 5.0 cm and 5.4°;the difference of amplitudes and phas-elags of K1 constituent are 2.25 cm and 5.76°;the difference of amplitudes and phase-lags of O1 constituent are 1.56 cm and 5.5°.
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