闽南近海尖头斜齿鲨的生殖生物学研究
The reproductive biology of the spadenose shark, Scoliodon laticaudus, from southern Fujian coastal waters
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摘要: 尖头斜齿鲨(Scoliodon laticaudus)是暖水性小型鲨鱼,为有胎盘胎生种类.在闽南近海,其雄鱼的性成熟长度为382~448mm,雌鱼的性成熟长度为405~467mm,1994年5月至1995年4月的周年随机采样中,雌鱼在群体中所占比例为53.0%.雌鱼的妊娠开始于1~4月,同年的6~8月分娩,妊娠期为5~6个月.尖头斜齿鲨雌鱼每个子宫一次妊娠怀胚胎1~12尾,其中3~6尾者占67.8%.雌鱼一次妊娠产仔鱼2~24尾,平均9.1尾,其中6~13尾占70%;57%的母体左右子宫内胚胎数相同.胚胎数量随母体全长的增大而呈线性增加.雌性尖头斜齿鲨生殖周期约为2年,一生生殖2~3次,生殖能力较低.尖头斜齿鲨胚胎在分娩时全长138~142mm,与雌鱼性成熟长度的比为0.30~0.35,胚胎的雌雄比为1.17:1.同一子宫内及左右两子宫中的胚胎发育情况均基本相同.另外还讨论了鲨鱼资源的保护和管理问题.Abstract: The reproductive biology of spadenose shark is studied,the main objective is to provide scientific basis for resources protection and fisheries management.The main results are as follows:The size at sexual maturity is 382~448 mm in total length for males and 405~467 mm for females.Sex ratio of the adult population is 1.13:1(♀:♂).The pregnancy begins from January to April,the parturition occurs in June to August.The gestation is short (5~6 month).Litter size in one uterus ranges from 1 to 12,in 67.8% of specimens,there are 3~6 embryos.Litter size in two uteri ranges from 2 to 24,with a mean of 9.1,there are 6~13 embryos in 70% of specimens.The number of embryos in 57% of the females is the same.The number of embryos per-litter increases with adult length.The reproductive cycle is about 2 a and the female reproduces 2~3 times in the whole life. Young are born at a size of about 138~142 mm in total length,and it is about 30%~35% of the size at maturity.The sex ratio of embryos is 1.17:1(♀:♂).The situation of embryonic development in the one or in both uteri is the same.The problems on resources protection and fisheries management are discussed.
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Key words:
- Scoliodon laticaudus /
- reproductive biology
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