Cr6+对海湾扇贝早期发育的影响
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摘要: 在温度为23℃和盐度为31.6的海水条件下系统地研究了六价铬离子(Cr6+)对海湾扇贝Argopecten irradians胚胎和不同发育阶段的幼虫的影响.海湾扇贝胚胎、早期D形幼虫、壳顶幼虫和眼点幼虫对Cr6+的敏感性各不相同.Cr6+对胚胎孵化的半数影响浓度(48h)EC50为2610μg/dm3;对早期D形幼虫和壳顶幼虫48h的半致死浓度LC50分别为3890和2400μg/dm3.眼点幼虫在变态的过程中对Cr6+尤为敏感:小于200μg/dm3的Cr6+对眼点幼虫的变态有不正常的刺激作用;大于这一浓度的Cr6+对其变态则有抑制作用.因此,其敏感性大小依次为:变态期眼点幼虫>壳顶幼虫>胚胎>D形幼虫.被Cr6+污染的饵料(等鞭金藻Isochrysis galbana)亦可对海湾扇贝幼虫产生毒性影响,说明Cr6+的毒性可通过食物链传递.慢性毒性实验表明:Cr6+对海湾扇贝幼虫的生长发育具有明显的抑制作用,AAS法分析结果显示:Cr6+在D形幼虫体内的累积随着外界Cr6+浓度的升高而增多.根据研究结果提出海湾扇贝人工育苗过程中水质控制Cr6+浓度应低于10μg/dm3.
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