埃尔尼诺循环的反馈机制探讨
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摘要: 本文利用2°×2°格点综合海-气资料(COADS),计算了赤道太平洋(11°S~11°N,120°E~90°W)1950~1987年历次El Niño和La Niña期间平均温度、气压、纬向风、比湿、云及热量收支各分量的差异,得出:El Niño而比La Niña期间,赤道太平洋洋面水平气压梯度小,东风弱,赤道中太平洋到秘鲁的西海面感热和潜热交换强,空气中水汽和云量多,有效长波辐射和射入太阳辐射少,洋西净获得(损失)热量少.最后概括了El Niño循环的两种正反馈和负反馈机制.
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