热带海洋对风应力异常的响应
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摘要: 针对在南方涛动循环中东太平洋信风变化的特征,用国家海洋环境预报中心的五层太平洋环流模式模拟热带海洋对气候风应力脉动的响应.试验结果表明,当南方涛动处于高指数时,赤道东太平洋海表温度从表层至250m深都会出现负距平,表层距平洋流向西,下层200m深左右距平流向东,即赤道潜流加强,而当南方涛动指数取负值时,热带东太平洋东风应力减弱,热带太平洋海表温度增高,这种增暖自东向西扩展,上层距平洋流向东,下层距平洋流向西,赤道潜流有减弱趋势,这些正是典型的埃尔尼诺特征.计算结果与观测结果基本一致.
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