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重金属离子对中国对虾幼体的影响及其消除方法比较

袁有宪 高成年 张渡溪

袁有宪, 高成年, 张渡溪. 重金属离子对中国对虾幼体的影响及其消除方法比较[J]. 海洋学报, 1993, 15(3): 80-87.
引用本文: 袁有宪, 高成年, 张渡溪. 重金属离子对中国对虾幼体的影响及其消除方法比较[J]. 海洋学报, 1993, 15(3): 80-87.

重金属离子对中国对虾幼体的影响及其消除方法比较

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金
  • 摘要: 为了建立新的防治重金属离子对中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)人工育苗阶段危害的方法和进一步明确防治时机,本文研究了铜、锌、铅、镉离子对中国对虾各期幼体变态的影响,并比较了两种消除方法的效果.结果表明,与原海水对照,铜、锌、铅、镉4种离子的加入浓度各为15μg/dm3时,无节幼体的变态率显著(0.025<P<0.05)降低;溞状幼体的变态率不受影响(P>0.1);糠虾幼体的变态率反而显著提高(P<0.005).幼体对重金属离子的敏感性为无节幼体>溞状幼体>糠虾幼体>仔虾.植物饵料对重金属离子有络合作用,可降低其毒性.采用EDTA螯合法和高分子吸附剂去除法均可消除其影响,两者之间无显著差异.高浓度的EDTA有害于幼体,10μg/cm3以下为安全浓度.初步观察到低浓度的铜、锌离子似乎对溞状幼体阶段有益.建议在一般海域进行对虾育苗,在溞状幼体以后阶段,不必采取消除重金属离子影响的措施.
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  1991-10-28
  • 修回日期:  1992-04-27

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