[1] 鲍献文, 万修全, 高郭平, 等. 渤海、黄海、东海AVHRR海表温度场的季节变化特征[J]. 海洋学报, 2002, 24(5): 125−133.

Bao Xianwen, Wan Xiuquan, Gao Guoping, et al. The characteristics of the seasonal variability of the sea surface temperature field in the Bohai Sea, the Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea from AVHRR data[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2002, 24(5): 125−133.
[2] 刘浩, 潘伟然. 渤海层化结构及潮汐锋面季节变化的数值研究[J]. 水科学进展, 2007, 18(3): 398−403. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-6791.2007.03.015

Liu Hao, Pan Weiran. Numerical simulation of the seasonal variations of the stratification and tidal front in the Bohai Sea[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2007, 18(3): 398−403. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-6791.2007.03.015
[3] 赵保仁. 渤、黄海及东海北部强温跃层的基本特征及形成机制的研究[J]. 海洋学报, 1989, 11(4): 140−401.

Zhao Baoren. Study on the basic characteristics and formation mechanism of the strong thermocline in the Bohai, the Yellow Sea and the North East China Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 1989, 11(4): 140−401.
[4] 赵保仁, 曹德明, 李徽翡, 等. 渤海的潮混合特征及潮汐锋现象[J]. 海洋学报, 2001, 23(4): 113−120.

Zhao Baoren, Cao Deming, Li Weifei, et al. Tidal mixing characters and tidal fronts phenomenons in the Bohai Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2001, 23(4): 113−120.
[5] 周锋, 黄大吉, 苏纪兰. 夏季渤海温跃层下的双中心冷水结构的数值模拟[J]. 科学通报, 2009, 54(11): 1591−1599. doi: 10.1360/csb2009-54-11-1591

Zhou Feng, Huang Daji, Su Jilan. Numerical simulation of the dual-core structure of the Bohai Sea cold bottom water in summer[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2009, 54(11): 1591−1599. doi: 10.1360/csb2009-54-11-1591
[6] Zhao H D, Kao S J, Zhai W D, et al. Effects of stratification, organic matter remineralization and bathymetry on summertime oxygen distribution in the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2016, 134: 15−25.
[7] 翟惟东, 赵化德, 郑楠, 等. 2011年夏季渤海西北部、北部近岸海域的底层耗氧与酸化[J]. 科学通报, 2012, 57(9): 753−758. doi: 10.1007/s11434-011-4949-2

Zhai Weidong, Zhao Huade, Zheng Nan, et al. Coastal acidification in summer bottom oxygen-depleted waters in northwestern–northern Bohai Sea from June to August in 2011[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2012, 57(9): 753−758. doi: 10.1007/s11434-011-4949-2
[8] 张华, 李艳芳, 唐诚, 等. 渤海底层低氧区的空间特征与形成机制[J]. 科学通报, 2016, 61(14): 1612−1620. doi: 10.1360/N972015-00915

Zhang Hua, Li Yanfang, Tang Cheng, et al. Spatial characteristics and formation mechanisms of bottom hypoxia zone in the Bohai Sea during summer[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2016, 61(14): 1612−1620. doi: 10.1360/N972015-00915
[9] Zhang H, Zhao L, Sun Y, et al. Contribution of sediment oxygen demand to hypoxia development off the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2017, 192: 149−157. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.006
[10] 刘志宇. 强潮驱陆架海中的湍流与混合[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学, 2009.

Liu Zhiyu. Turbulence and mixing in tidally energetic shelf seas[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2009.
[11] Thorpe S A. An Introduction to Ocean Turbulence[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
[12] Rippeth T P, Wiles P, Palmer M R, et al. The diapcynal nutrient flux and shear-induced diapcynal mixing in the seasonally stratified western Irish Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2009, 29(13): 1580−1587. doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2009.04.009
[13] Williams C, Sharples J, Mahaffey C, et al. Wind-driven nutrient pulses to the subsurface chlorophyll maximum in seasonally stratified shelf seas[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2013, 40(20): 5467−5472. doi: 10.1002/2013GL058171
[14] Lee J H, Lozovatsky I, Jang S T, et al. Episodes of nonlinear internal wave in the northern East China Sea[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33(18): L18601.
[15] Liu Zhiyu, Wei Hao, Lozovatsky I D, et al. Late summer stratification, internal waves, and turbulence in the Yellow Sea[J]. Journal of Marine Systems, 2009, 77(4): 459−472. doi: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.11.001
[16] 魏传杰, 于非, 郭景松, 等. 黄海西部海洋湍流的季节变化特征分析[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2014, 45(1): 167−171. doi: 10.11693/hyhz20121205001

Wei Chuanjie, Yu Fei, Guo Jingdong, et al. Seasonal variation of ocean turbulence in the western Yellow Sea[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2014, 45(1): 167−171. doi: 10.11693/hyhz20121205001
[17] 周磊, 田纪伟, 张效谦. 东海陆架坡折小尺度过程观测[J]. 科学通报, 2005, 50(16): 1784−1788. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2005.16.019

Zhou Lei, Tian Jiwei, Zhang Xiaoqian. The observations of small scale processes in shelf break of East China Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2005, 50(16): 1784−1788. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2005.16.019
[18] 赵亮, 魏皓. 渤海垂直湍流混合强度季节变化的数值模拟[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 2001, 31(3): 313−318.

Zhao Liang, Wei Hao. Annual cycle of the vertical eddy viscosity in the Bohai Sea[J]. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao, 2001, 31(3): 313−318.
[19] 梁书秀, 白波, 孙昭晨. 渤海海峡北部非层化期海洋湍流混合的微结构特征[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2013, 32(2): 190−195.

Liang Shuxiu, Bai Bo, Sun Zhaochen. Microstructure characteristics of ocean turbulent mixing during non-stratification season in northern Bohai Strait[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2013, 32(2): 190−195.
[20] Liu Zhe, Wang Haiyan, Guo Xinyu, et al. The age of Yellow River water in the Bohai Sea[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2012, 117(C11): C11006.
[21] Gregg M C. Uncertainties and limitations in measuring ε and x T[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 1999, 16(11): 1483−1490. doi: 10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<1483:UALIMA>2.0.CO;2
[22] Wolk F, Yamazaki H, Seuront L, et al. A new free-fall profiler for measuring biophysical microstructure[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2002, 19(5): 780−793. doi: 10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0780:ANFFPF>2.0.CO;2
[23] Roget E, Lozovatsky I, Sanchez X, et al. Microstructure measurements in natural waters: Methodology and applications[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2006, 70(2/4): 126−148.
[24] Goodman L, Levine E R, Lueck R G. On measuring the terms of the turbulent kinetic energy budget from an AUV[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2006, 23(7): 977−990. doi: 10.1175/JTECH1889.1
[25] Nasmyth P W. Oceanic turbulence[D]. Vancouver: University of British Columbia, 1970.
[26] Osborn T R. Estimates of the local rate of vertical diffusion from dissipation measurements[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1980, 10(1): 83−89. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1980)010<0083:EOTLRO>2.0.CO;2
[27] Lozovatsky I, Lee J H, Fernando H J S, et al. Turbulence in the East China Sea: The summertime stratification[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2015, 120(3): 1856−1871. doi: 10.1002/2014JC010596
[28] Lozovatsky I, Fernando H J S, Planella-Morato J, et al. Probability distribution of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate in ocean: observations and approximations[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, 2017, 122(10): 8293−8308. doi: 10.1002/2017JC013076
[29] Lozovatsky I, Planella-Morato J, Shearman K, et al. Vertical mixing and elements of mesoscale dynamics over North Carolina shelf and contiguous Gulf Stream waters[J]. Ocean Dynamics, 2017, 67(6): 783−798. doi: 10.1007/s10236-017-1059-y
[30] Rehmann C R, Duda T F. Diapycnal diffusivity inferred from scalar microstructure measurements near the New England shelf/slope front[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2000, 30(6): 1354−1371. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2000)030<1354:DDIFSM>2.0.CO;2
[31] Yamazaki H, Lueck R. Why oceanic dissipation rates are not lognormal[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1990, 20(12): 1907−1918. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1990)020<1907:WODRAN>2.0.CO;2
[32] Gurvich A S, Yaglom A M. Breakdown of eddies and probability distributions for small-scale turbulence[J]. Physics of Fluids, 1967, 10(10): 59−65.
[33] Egbert G D, Erofeeva S Y. Efficient inverse modeling of barotropic ocean tides[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2002, 19(2): 183−204. doi: 10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0183:EIMOBO>2.0.CO;2